How severe is GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42?

GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 has a CVSS score of 5.3/10, rated MEDIUM. Review your exposure and patch according to your risk tolerance.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42?

GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 affects the following packages: zod (npm). Ecosystems affected: npm.

How do I fix GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42?

Update zod to 3.22.3 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 in my npm dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for zod. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

How do I mitigate GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

How does O3 Security protect against GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42?

O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Is GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. There are 1 known exploit references for GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42, including 1 in-the-wild exploitation observed on GitHub and other sources. Treat this as actively exploitable and prioritize patching immediately. All exploit code should only be run in an isolated sandbox environment for research or authorized testing — never against production systems without explicit written authorization.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42?

GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.8%, placing it in the 51th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

When was GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 was published on September 28, 2023 and was last updated on September 6, 2024. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

📦 npm

GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42

MEDIUM

Zod denial of service vulnerability

Also known asCVE-2023-4316

Published

Sep 28, 2023

Updated

Sep 6, 2024

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

1 known

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.8%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk51th percentile+0.62%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

1 pkg affected

📦zod

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects npm packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Zod version 3.22.2 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
📦npm	`zod`	all versions	3.22.3

Exploits & PoCs

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to …

fluidattacks.comNVDSep 2023

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for zod. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update zod to 3.22.3 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Zod version 3.22.2 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42 across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

Scan my dependencies How O3 SCA works