How severe is GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v?

No CVSS score has been assigned to GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v?

GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v affects the following packages: pypdf (PyPI). Ecosystems affected: PyPI.

How do I fix GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v?

Update pypdf to 6.12.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v in my PyPI dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for pypdf, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Is GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v?

GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.2%, placing it in the 7th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v?

GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v is classified as Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v was published on June 16, 2026 and was last updated on July 13, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🐍 PyPI

Not in CISA KEV

pypdf: Possible large memory usage for form XObjects during text extractionGHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v

Fix: py-pdf/pypdf#3805

GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v is a Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in pypdf. A fix is available for pypdf — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Also known asCVE-2026-49461PYSEC-2026-3020

Published

Jun 16, 2026

Updated

Jul 13, 2026

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Oct 25, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs7th percentile — riskier than 7% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

🐍pypdf

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to large memory usage. This requires extracting the text of a page which contains a form XObject with self-references.

Patches

This has been fixed in pypdf==6.12.2.

Workarounds

If you cannot upgrade yet, consider applying the changes from PR #3805.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
🐍PyPI	`pypdf`	all versions	6.12.2`pip install --upgrade 'pypdf==6.12.2'`

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

pypdfpypdf_project

< 6.12.2

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for pypdf, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update pypdf to 6.12.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

Moderate: A flaw in pypdf and python-PyPDF2 can lead to a denial of service due to excessive memory consumption. This occurs when processing a specially crafted PDF document containing self-referencing form XObjects during text extraction. The vulnerability requires user interaction to trigger the text extraction…

Workaround published by Red Hat

Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.

Source: Red Hat security advisory for GHSA-j543-4vmf-qm7v (CC BY 4.0)

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to large memory usage. This requires extracting the text of a page which contains a form XObject with self-references. ### Patches This has been fixed in [pypdf==6.12.2](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.12.2). ### Workarounds If you cannot upgrade yet, consider applying the changes from PR [#3805](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3805).

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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