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📦 npm

GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2

HIGH

Stored XSS in n8n Form Trigger allows Account Takeover via injected iframe and video/source

Also known asCVE-2025-52478
Published
Aug 19, 2025
Updated
Aug 19, 2025
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk26th percentile+0.32%
0.00%0.28%0.56%0.85%0.0%0.3%Dec 25Apr 26Jun 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

1 pkg affected

Weekly download volume for affected packages — a proxy for how broadly this vulnerability is deployed.

n8nnpm
89Kdownloads / week

Description

Impact

A stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability was identified in n8n, specifically in the Form Trigger node's HTML form element. An authenticated attacker can inject malicious HTML via an <iframe> with a srcdoc payload that includes arbitrary JavaScript execution. The attacker can also inject malicious Javascript by using <video> coupled <source> using an onerror event.

While using iframe or a combination of video and source tag, this vulnerability allows for Account Takeover (ATO) by exfiltrating n8n-browserId and session cookies from authenticated users who visit a maliciously crafted form. Using these tokens and cookies, an attacker can impersonate the victim and change account details such as email addresses, enabling full control over the account—especially if 2FA is not enabled.

Patches

The issue was addressed in PR #16329. Users should upgrade to version >=1.98.2.

Workarounds

Apart from updating to the fixed version, n8n instance administrators can:

  • Configure a reverse proxy to serve webhook requests from a different domain [docs].
  • Disable or restrict use of the Form Trigger node, particularly the HTML element type.
  • Use a Content Security Policy (CSP) to block execution of inline scripts and disallow use of srcdoc.

References

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmn8n1.77.0&&< 1.98.21.98.2

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for n8n. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update n8n to 1.98.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact A stored **Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)** vulnerability was identified in [n8n](https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n), specifically in the **Form Trigger** node's **HTML form element**. An authenticated attacker can inject malicious HTML via an `<iframe>` with a `srcdoc` payload that includes arbitrary JavaScript execution. The attacker can also inject malicious Javascript by using `<video>` coupled `<source>` using an `onerror` event. While using `iframe` or a combination of `video` and `source` tag, this vulnerability allows for Account Takeover (ATO) by exfiltrating `n8n-browserId` and
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2 across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.