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Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

Moodle has a Remote Code Execution risk via file restoreGHSA-ggxq-2mg9-8966

HIGHFix: moodle/moodle@566054b

GHSA-ggxq-2mg9-8966 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.2) Code Injection vulnerability in moodle/moodle. A fix is available for moodle/moodle — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Also known asBIT-moodle-2026-26045CVE-2026-26045
Published
Updated
Affected
3 pkgs
Patched
3 / 3
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 6, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-ggxq-2mg9-8966.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.6%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs51th percentile — riskier than 51% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.42%0.84%1.26%0.1%0.6%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

3 pkgs affected
🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

A flaw was identified in Moodle’s backup restore functionality where specially crafted backup files were not properly validated during processing. If a malicious backup file is restored, it could lead to unintended execution of server-side code. Since restore capabilities are typically available to privileged users, exploitation requires authenticated access. Successful exploitation could result in full compromise of the Moodle server.

Affected Packages

3 total 3 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodle≥ 5.1.0-beta&&< 5.1.25.1.2composer require moodle/moodle:^5.1.2
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodle≥ 5.0.0-beta&&< 5.0.55.0.5composer require moodle/moodle:^5.0.5
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodleall versions4.5.9composer require moodle/moodle:^4.5.9

Affected Products

1 product · 3 configurations
Application
moodlemoodle
≥ 5.1.0 && < 5.1.2
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for moodle/moodle, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update moodle/moodle to 5.1.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-ggxq-2mg9-8966 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Frequently Asked Questions

A flaw was identified in Moodle’s backup restore functionality where specially crafted backup files were not properly validated during processing. If a malicious backup file is restored, it could lead to unintended execution of server-side code. Since restore capabilities are typically available to privileged users, exploitation requires authenticated access. Successful exploitation could result in full compromise of the Moodle server.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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Moodle has a Remote Code Execution risk via file restore