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CRITICAL severity

GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq

CRITICALFix: jashkenas/underscore#2917

GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.8) Code Injection vulnerability in underscore. 4 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Arbitrary Code Execution in underscore

Also known asCVE-2021-23358
Published
May 6, 2021
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
4 known
Exploitation data as of Nov 4, 2025 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
📦underscore

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects npm packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

The package underscore from 1.13.0-0 and before 1.13.0-2, from 1.3.2 and before 1.12.1 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution via the template function, particularly when a variable property is passed as an argument as it is not sanitized.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmunderscore1.3.2&&< 1.12.11.12.1
Exploits & PoCs
4

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for underscore. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update underscore to 1.12.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

The package `underscore` from 1.13.0-0 and before 1.13.0-2, from 1.3.2 and before 1.12.1 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution via the template function, particularly when a variable property is passed as an argument as it is not sanitized.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

GHSA-cf4h-3jhx-xvhq: Arbitrary Code… | O3 Security