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GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp — rack

Fix: rack/rack@231ef36

GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp is a security vulnerability in rack. A fix is available for rack — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack's header parsing

Also known asCVE-2023-27539
Published
Mar 15, 2023
Updated
Jan 9, 2025
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 24, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.1%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs64th percentile — riskier than 64% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected
💎rack💎rack

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the header parsing component of Rack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-27539.

Versions Affected: >= 2.0.0 Not affected: None. Fixed Versions: 2.2.6.4, 3.0.6.1

Impact

Carefully crafted input can cause header parsing in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that parse headers using Rack (virtually all Rails applications) are impacted.

Workarounds

Setting Regexp.timeout in Ruby 3.2 is a possible workaround.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
💎RubyGemsrack≥ 2.0.0&&< 2.2.6.42.2.6.4bundle update rack --conservative
💎RubyGemsrack≥ 3.0.0&&< 3.0.6.13.0.6.1bundle update rack --conservative

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for rack, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update rack to 2.2.6.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Frequently Asked Questions

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the header parsing component of Rack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-27539. Versions Affected: >= 2.0.0 Not affected: None. Fixed Versions: 2.2.6.4, 3.0.6.1 # Impact Carefully crafted input can cause header parsing in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that parse headers using Rack (virtually all Rails applications) are impacted. # Workarounds Setting Regexp.timeout in Ruby 3.2 is a possible workaround.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp across RubyGems dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

GHSA-c6qg-cjj8-47qp: rack DoS | O3 Security