GHSA-c69x-5xmw-v44x
HIGHCasaOS Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Blast Radius
github.com/IceWhaleTech/CasaOS-UserServiceReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Go packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Summary
Here it is observed that the CasaOS doesn't defend against password brute force attacks, which leads to having full access to the server.
Details
The web application lacks control over the login attempts i.e. why attacker can use a password brute force attack to find and get full access over the.
PoC
- Capture login request in proxy tool like Burp Suite and select password field.
- Here I have started attack with total number of 271 password tries where the last one is the correct password and as we can see in the following image we get a 400 Bad Request status code with the message "Invalid Password" and response length 769 on 1st request which was sent at Tue, 16 Jan 2024 18:31:32 GMT

Note: We have tested this vulnerability with more than 3400 tries. We have used 271 request counts just for demo purposes.
- Here the attack is completed and we can see in the following image we get 200 OK status code with the message "Ok" and response length 1509 on 271st request which was sent at Tue, 16 Jan 2024 18:32:01 GMT.

This means attacker can try 271 requests in 56 seconds.
Impact
This vulnerability allows attackers to get super user-level access over the server.
Mitigation
It is recommended to implement a proper rate-limiting mechanism on the server side where the configuration might be like: If a specific IP address fails to login more than 5 times concurrently then that IP address must be blocked for at least 30 seconds. This will reduce the possibility of password brute-forcing attacks.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐹Go | github.com/IceWhaleTech/CasaOS-UserService | ≥ 0.4.4.3&&< 0.4.7 | 0.4.7 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/IceWhaleTech/CasaOS-UserService. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update github.com/IceWhaleTech/CasaOS-UserService to 0.4.7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-c69x-5xmw-v44x is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-c69x-5xmw-v44x is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.
Tailored to GHSA-c69x-5xmw-v44x. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-c69x-5xmw-v44x in your dependencies?
O3 detects GHSA-c69x-5xmw-v44x across Go dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.