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GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r

HIGH

GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r is a high-severity (CVSS 8.6) vulnerability in next. 3 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Next.js vulnerable to server-side request forgery in applications using WebSocket upgrades

Also known asCVE-2026-44578
Published
May 11, 2026
Updated
May 14, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
3 known

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, a proxy for how much of the ecosystem is exposed.

nextnpm
52.2Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact

Self-hosted applications using the built-in Node.js server can be vulnerable to server-side request forgery through crafted WebSocket upgrade requests. An attacker can cause the server to proxy requests to arbitrary internal or external destinations, which may expose internal services or cloud metadata endpoints. Vercel-hosted deployments are not affected.

Fix

We now apply the same safety checks to WebSocket upgrade handling that already existed for normal HTTP requests, so upgrade requests are only proxied when routing has explicitly marked them as safe external rewrites.

Workarounds

If you cannot upgrade immediately, do not expose the origin server directly to untrusted networks. If WebSocket upgrades are not required, block them at your reverse proxy or load balancer, and restrict origin egress to internal networks and metadata services where possible.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmnext13.4.13&&< 15.5.1615.5.16
📦npmnext16.0.0&&< 16.2.516.2.5
Exploits & PoCs
3

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for next. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update next to 15.5.16 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Self-hosted applications using the built-in Node.js server can be vulnerable to server-side request forgery through crafted WebSocket upgrade requests. An attacker can cause the server to proxy requests to arbitrary internal or external destinations, which may expose internal services or cloud metadata endpoints. Vercel-hosted deployments are not affected. ### Fix We now apply the same safety checks to WebSocket upgrade handling that already existed for normal HTTP requests, so upgrade requests are only proxied when routing has explicitly marked them as safe external rewrites. #
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.