How severe is GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx?

No CVSS score has been assigned to GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx?

GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx affects the following packages: github.com/gohugoio/hugo (Go). Ecosystems affected: Go.

How do I fix GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx?

Update github.com/gohugoio/hugo to 0.139.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx in my Go dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/gohugoio/hugo, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Escape or sanitise the affected output on the server side rather than relying on client-side filtering, and add a Content-Security-Policy that blocks inline script execution so injected markup cannot run even if it reaches the page.

Is GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx?

GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.6%, placing it in the 49th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx?

GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx is classified as Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

When was GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx was published on December 9, 2024 and was last updated on December 10, 2024. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🐹 Go

Not in CISA KEV

Hugo does not escape some attributes in internal templatesGHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx

Fix: gohugoio/hugo@54398f8

GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx is a Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in github.com/gohugoio/hugo. A fix is available for github.com/gohugoio/hugo — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Also known asCVE-2024-55601GO-2024-3314

Published

Dec 9, 2024

Updated

Dec 10, 2024

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 6, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.6%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs49th percentile — riskier than 49% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

🐹github.com/gohugoio/hugo

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Go packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

Some HTML attributes in Markdown in the internal templates listed below not escaped. Impacted are Hugo users who do not trust their Markdown content files and are using one or more of these templates.

_default/_markup/render-link.html from v0.123.0
_default/_markup/render-image.html from v0.123.0
_default/_markup/render-table.html from v0.134.0
shortcodes/youtube.html from v0.125.0

Patches

Patched in v0.139.4.

Workarounds

Replace with user defined templates or disable the internal templates: https://gohugo.io/getting-started/configuration-markup/#renderhooksimageenabledefault

References

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
🐹Go	`github.com/gohugoio/hugo`	≥ 0.123.0&&< 0.139.4	0.139.4`go get github.com/gohugoio/hugo@v0.139.4`

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/gohugoio/hugo, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update github.com/gohugoio/hugo to 0.139.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Escape or sanitise the affected output on the server side rather than relying on client-side filtering, and add a Content-Security-Policy that blocks inline script execution so injected markup cannot run even if it reaches the page.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

Workaround published by Red Hat

Replace an affected component with user defined templates or disable the internal templates.

Source: Red Hat security advisory for GHSA-c2xf-9v2r-r2rx (CC BY 4.0)

Frequently Asked Questions

## Impact Some HTML attributes in Markdown in the internal templates listed below not escaped. Impacted are Hugo users who do not trust their Markdown content files and are using one or more of these templates. * `_default/_markup/render-link.html` from `v0.123.0` * `_default/_markup/render-image.html` from `v0.123.0` * `_default/_markup/render-table.html` from `v0.134.0` * `shortcodes/youtube.html` from `v0.125.0` ## Patches Patched in v0.139.4. ## Workarounds Replace with user defined templates or disable the internal templates: https://gohugo.io/getting-started/configuration-markup/#r

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