How severe is GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c?

GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c has a CVSS score of 9.8/10, rated CRITICAL. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c?

GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c affects the following packages: codeigniter4/framework (Packagist). Ecosystems affected: Packagist.

How do I fix GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c?

Update codeigniter4/framework to 4.6.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c in my Packagist dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for codeigniter4/framework, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Is GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c?

GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 1.5%, placing it in the 75th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c?

GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c is classified as OS Command Injection (CWE-78). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

When was GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c was published on July 28, 2025 and was last updated on July 28, 2025. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🐘

🐘 Packagist

Not in CISA KEV

CRITICAL severity

CodeIgniter4's ImageMagick Handler has Command Injection VulnerabilityGHSA-9952-gv64-x94c

CRITICALFix: codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4@e18120b

GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.8) OS Command Injection vulnerability in codeigniter4/framework. A fix is available for codeigniter4/framework — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Also known asCVE-2025-54418

Published

Jul 28, 2025

Updated

Jul 28, 2025

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

1.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs75th percentile — riskier than 75% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

🐘codeigniter4/framework

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

This vulnerability affects applications that:

Use the ImageMagick handler for image processing (imagick as the image library)
AND either:
- Allow file uploads with user-controlled filenames and process uploaded images using the resize() method
- OR use the text() method with user-controlled text content or options

An attacker can:

Upload a file with a malicious filename containing shell metacharacters that get executed when the image is processed
OR provide malicious text content or options that get executed when adding text to images

Patches

Upgrade to v4.6.2 or later.

Workarounds

Switch to the GD image handler (gd, the default handler), which is not affected by either vulnerability
For file upload scenarios: Instead of using user-provided filenames, generate random names to eliminate the attack vector with getRandomName() when using the move() method, or use the store() method, which automatically generates safe filenames
For text operations: If you must use ImageMagick with user-controlled text, sanitize the input to only allow safe characters: preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\s.,!?-]/', '', $text) and validate/restrict text options

References

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
🐘Packagist	`codeigniter4/framework`	all versions	4.6.2`composer require codeigniter4/framework:^4.6.2`

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

codeignitercodeigniter

≥ 4.0.0 && < 4.6.2

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for codeigniter4/framework, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update codeigniter4/framework to 4.6.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-9952-gv64-x94c is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact This vulnerability affects applications that: * Use the ImageMagick handler for image processing (`imagick` as the image library) * **AND** either: * Allow file uploads with user-controlled filenames and process uploaded images using the `resize()` method * **OR** use the `text()` method with user-controlled text content or options An attacker can: * Upload a file with a malicious filename containing shell metacharacters that get executed when the image is processed * **OR** provide malicious text content or options that get executed when adding text to images ### Patches Upgr