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MEDIUM severity

GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 undici

MEDIUMFix: nodejs/undici@1b5a531

GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 is a medium-severity (CVSS 4.8) CWE-444 vulnerability in undici. A fix is available for undici — see the affected versions and patch details below.

undici vulnerable to downstream response desynchronization via retry interceptor

Also known asCVE-2026-16728
Published
Aug 3, 2026
Updated
Sep 10, 2026
Affected
3 pkgs
Patched
3 / 3
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 17, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs7th percentile — riskier than 7% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 374,847 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

3 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

8Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
undicinpm
134.7Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact

Undici's interceptors.retry() can deliver a response whose body length does not match the Content-Length header exposed to the application after a retry or resume of a partial response. Applications that use interceptors.retry() and forward upstream response headers and bodies downstream, for example proxy or gateway applications, may emit an invalid HTTP response with a stale Content-Length header. This can lead to downstream response desynchronization, connection hangs, or response corruption in clients or intermediaries that rely on the forwarded framing metadata.

A malicious or faulty upstream can respond to a range request with a 206 Partial Content response such as:

Content-Range: bytes 0-99/300
Content-Length: 300

and then send only 99 bytes before closing the socket. interceptors.retry() can then retry with Range: bytes=99-99, receive the final byte, and deliver a 100-byte body to the application while the response headers still contain Content-Length: 300 from the first response.

The bug requires interceptors.retry() to be enabled, an upstream that returns a partial response with a mismatched framing header, and a downstream forwarder that does not remove or recalculate Content-Length.

Patches

Patched in undici v6.28.0, v7.29.0, and v8.9.0. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later.

Workarounds

  • Disable interceptors.retry() for untrusted upstreams.
  • Remove or recalculate Content-Length before forwarding a response body assembled or transformed by Undici.

Affected Packages

3 total 3 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmundiciall versions6.28.0npm install undici@6.28.0
📦npmundici7.0.0&&< 7.29.07.29.0npm install undici@7.29.0
📦npmundici8.0.0&&< 8.9.08.9.0npm install undici@8.9.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for undici, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update undici to 6.28.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate
ProductFixed inAdvisory
Red Hat Hardened Imagesnodejs26-main-26.5.1-1.5.hum1RHSA-2026:48273
Red Hat Hardened Imagesnodejs24-main-24.18.1-0.1.hum1RHSA-2026:48537

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Undici's `interceptors.retry()` can deliver a response whose body length does not match the `Content-Length` header exposed to the application after a retry or resume of a partial response. Applications that use `interceptors.retry()` and forward upstream response headers and bodies downstream, for example proxy or gateway applications, may emit an invalid HTTP response with a stale `Content-Length` header. This can lead to downstream response desynchronization, connection hangs, or response corruption in clients or intermediaries that rely on the forwarded framing metadata. A mal
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524: undici (Medium 4.8) | O3 Security