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HIGH severity

GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf — jsrsasign

HIGHFix: kjur/jsrsasign@4536a6e

GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf is a high-severity (CVSS 8.6) CWE-347 vulnerability in jsrsasign. 4 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for jsrsasign — see the affected versions and patch details below.

JWS and JWT signature validation vulnerability with special characters

Also known asCVE-2022-25898
Published
Jun 25, 2022
Updated
Jan 14, 2025
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
4 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 22, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs66th percentile — riskier than 66% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 378,567 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, a proxy for how much of the ecosystem is exposed.

jsrsasignnpm
980Kdownloads / week

Description

Impact

Jsrsasign supports JWS(JSON Web Signatures) and JWT(JSON Web Token) validation. However JWS or JWT signature with non Base64URL encoding special characters or number escaped characters may be validated as valid by mistake.

For example, even if a string of non Base64URL encoding characters such as !@$% or \11 is inserted into a valid JWS or JWT signature value string, it will still be a valid JWS or JWT signature by mistake.

When jsrsasign's JWS or JWT validation is used in OpenID connect or OAuth2, this vulnerability will affect to authentication or authorization.

By our internal assessment, CVSS 3.1 score will be 8.6. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Patches

Users validate JWS or JWT signatures should upgrade to 10.5.25.

Workarounds

Validate JWS or JWT signature if it has Base64URL and dot safe string before executing JWS.verify() or JWS.verifyJWT() method.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Thanks to Adi Malyanker and Or David for this vulnerability report. Also thanks for Snyk security team for this coordination.

References

https://github.com/kjur/jsrsasign/releases/tag/10.5.25 https://github.com/kjur/jsrsasign/security/advisories/GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf kjur's advisories https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf github advisories https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-25898 https://kjur.github.io/jsrsasign/api/symbols/KJUR.jws.JWS.html#.verifyJWT https://kjur.github.io/jsrsasign/api/symbols/KJUR.jws.JWS.html#.verify https://kjur.github.io/jsrsasign/api/symbols/global__.html#.isBase64URLDot https://github.com/kjur/jsrsasign/wiki/Tutorial-for-JWS-verification https://github.com/kjur/jsrsasign/wiki/Tutorial-for-JWT-verification https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-JSRSASIGN-2869122

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmjsrsasign≥ 4.8.0&&< 10.5.2510.5.25npm install jsrsasign@10.5.25
Exploits & PoCs
4

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for jsrsasign, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update jsrsasign to 10.5.25 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Jsrsasign supports JWS(JSON Web Signatures) and JWT(JSON Web Token) validation. However JWS or JWT signature with non Base64URL encoding special characters or number escaped characters may be validated as valid by mistake. For example, even if a string of non Base64URL encoding characters such as `!@$%` or `\11` is inserted into a valid JWS or JWT signature value string, it will still be a valid JWS or JWT signature by mistake. When jsrsasign's JWS or JWT validation is used in OpenID connect or OAuth2, this vulnerability will affect to authentication or authorization. By our int
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

GHSA-3fvg-4v2m-98jf: jsrsasign (High 8.6) | O3 Security