GHSA-2vcf-qxv3-2mgw
Craft CMS has a theoretical bypass for CVE-2025-23209
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Blast Radius
craftcms/cms🐘craftcms/cmsReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Pre-requisites:
- Have a compromised security key (https://craftcms.com/knowledge-base/securing-craft#keep-your-secrets-secret)
- Somehow, manage to create an arbitrary file in Craft’s
/storage/backupsfolder.
With those two pieces in place, you could create a specific, malicious request to the /updater/restore-db endpoint to execute CLI commands remotely.
Fixed in https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/a19d46be78a9ca1ea474012a10e97bed0d787f57
Reported by Marco O. (segfault)
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐘Packagist | craftcms/cms | ≥ 4.13.8&&< 4.16.3 | 4.16.3 |
| 🐘Packagist | craftcms/cms | ≥ 5.5.8&&< 5.8.4 | 5.8.4 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for craftcms/cms. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update craftcms/cms to 4.16.3 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-2vcf-qxv3-2mgw is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-2vcf-qxv3-2mgw is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.
Tailored to GHSA-2vcf-qxv3-2mgw. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-2vcf-qxv3-2mgw in your dependencies?
O3 detects GHSA-2vcf-qxv3-2mgw across Packagist dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.