How severe is GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89?

No CVSS score has been assigned to GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89?

GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 affects the following packages: sqlite3-ruby (RubyGems), sqlite3 (RubyGems). Ecosystems affected: RubyGems.

How do I fix GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89?

Update sqlite3-ruby to 2.9.5 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 in my RubyGems dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for sqlite3-ruby. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

How do I mitigate GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

How does O3 Security protect against GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89?

O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Is GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89?

GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is classified as Use After Free (CWE-416). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 was published on July 28, 2026 and was last updated on July 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

💎 RubyGems

GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89

GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is a Use After Free vulnerability in sqlite3-ruby. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

sqlite3-ruby has Use-After-Free When Redefining SQLite Functions with Different Arity

Also known asCVE-2026-54619

Published

Jul 28, 2026

Updated

Jul 28, 2026

Affected

2 pkgs

Patched

2 / 2

Exploits

None indexed

Blast Radius

2 pkgs affected

💎sqlite3-ruby💎sqlite3

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

Using Database#create_function or Database#define_function to define the same function name more than once with different numbers of arguments ("arity") or text encodings will result in a invalid memory read and a segmentation fault.

Mitigation

Upgrade to sqlite3 gem v2.9.5 or later.

As a workaround, avoid defining multiple custom functions with the same name (varying numbers of arguments or encoding).

Severity

The sqlite3-ruby maintainers assess this as Low severity. It is reliably triggered after GC when code is structured in a particular way. There is no known general exploit that could be used as a denial of service attack.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
💎RubyGems	`sqlite3-ruby`	all versions	2.9.5
💎RubyGems	`sqlite3`	all versions	2.9.5

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for sqlite3-ruby. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update sqlite3-ruby to 2.9.5 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary Using `Database#create_function` or `Database#define_function` to define the same function name more than once with different numbers of arguments ("arity") or text encodings will result in a invalid memory read and a segmentation fault. ## Mitigation Upgrade to sqlite3 gem v2.9.5 or later. As a workaround, avoid defining multiple custom functions with the same name (varying numbers of arguments or encoding). ## Severity The sqlite3-ruby maintainers assess this as Low severity. It is reliably triggered after GC when code is structured in a particular way. There is no known gen

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-28hh-pr2h-2w89 across RubyGems dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

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