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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2026-42555 — document

CRITICAL

CVE-2026-42555 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.1) Code Injection vulnerability in com.ritense.valtimo:document. A fix is available for com.ritense.valtimo:document — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Valtimo: SpEL injection via StandardEvaluationContext allows Remote Code Execution by admin users

Also known asGHSA-j7j9-5253-f7vh
Published
Updated
Affected
3 pkgs
Patched
3 / 3
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-42555.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.6%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs48th percentile — riskier than 48% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.44%0.88%1.32%0.3%0.6%Jun 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

3 pkgs affected
☕com.ritense.valtimo:document☕com.ritense.valtimo:case☕com.ritense.valtimo:contract

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

Multiple classes evaluate Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions from user-supplied input using StandardEvaluationContext, which provides unrestricted access to Java types and methods. An authenticated user with the ADMIN role can achieve Remote Code Execution and credential exfiltration.

Impact

An attacker with ADMIN credentials can:

  • Execute arbitrary OS commands via T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec('...')
  • Exfiltrate all environment variables (database passwords, API keys, Keycloak secrets) via T(java.lang.System).getenv()
  • Read JVM system properties via T(java.lang.System).getProperties()
  • Load arbitrary classes via T(java.lang.Class).forName('...')

Affected Components

1. DocumentMigrationService (since 12.0.0)

Exploitable through the document migration REST API:

  • POST /api/management/v1/document-definition/migrate
  • POST /api/management/v1/document-definition/migration/conflicts

The malicious SpEL expression is supplied in the source or target field of a DocumentMigrationPatch object in the request body, using the ${...} template syntax.

  • In 12.x: com.ritense.document.service.DocumentMigrationService#handleSpelExpression (document module)
  • In 13.x: same class, moved to the case module

2. Condition (since 13.4.0)

Exploitable through any admin-configured widget, dashboard, or feature that uses the Condition framework. The SpEL expression is supplied in the value field of a condition's JSON configuration.

  • com.ritense.valtimo.contract.conditions.Condition#resolveValue (contract module)

This component has a significantly wider attack surface than DocumentMigrationService, as conditions are used across many modules.

Remediation

Replace StandardEvaluationContext with SimpleEvaluationContext in both affected classes, which disallows Java type references and arbitrary method invocation:

val evaluationContext = SimpleEvaluationContext
    .forPropertyAccessors(MapAccessor(), jsonPropertyAccessor)
    .build()

Affected Packages

3 total 3 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavencom.ritense.valtimo:document≥ 12.0.0&&< 12.32.012.32.0com.ritense.valtimo:document:12.32.0
☕Mavencom.ritense.valtimo:case≥ 13.0.0&&< 13.23.013.23.0com.ritense.valtimo:case:13.23.0
☕Mavencom.ritense.valtimo:contract≥ 13.4.0&&< 13.23.013.23.0com.ritense.valtimo:contract:13.23.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.ritense.valtimo:document, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update com.ritense.valtimo:document to 12.32.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-42555 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Summary Multiple classes evaluate Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions from user-supplied input using `StandardEvaluationContext`, which provides unrestricted access to Java types and methods. An authenticated user with the ADMIN role can achieve Remote Code Execution and credential exfiltration. ### Impact An attacker with ADMIN credentials can: - **Execute arbitrary OS commands** via `T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec('...')` - **Exfiltrate all environment variables** (database passwords, API keys, Keycloak secrets) via `T(java.lang.System).getenv()` - **Read JVM system
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2026-42555: document RCE — Fixed in 12.32.0