How severe is CVE-2026-41391?

No CVSS score has been assigned to CVE-2026-41391 yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2026-41391?

CVE-2026-41391 affects the following packages: openclaw (npm). Ecosystems affected: npm.

How do I fix CVE-2026-41391?

Update openclaw to 2026.3.31 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-41391 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2026-41391 in my npm dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for openclaw, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2026-41391 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Is CVE-2026-41391 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2026-41391 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2026-41391?

CVE-2026-41391 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.2%, placing it in the 6th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2026-41391?

CVE-2026-41391 is classified as CWE-184 (CWE-184). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was CVE-2026-41391 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2026-41391 was published on April 28, 2026 and was last updated on October 21, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

📦 npm

Not in CISA KEV

CVE-2026-41391 — openclaw

Fix: openclaw/openclaw@7ae1bb0

CVE-2026-41391 is a CWE-184 vulnerability in openclaw. A fix is available for openclaw — see the affected versions and patch details below.

OpenClaw < 2026.3.31 - Environment Variable Bypass in Package Index URL Handling

Also known asGHSA-7ggg-pvrf-458v

Published

Apr 28, 2026

Updated

Oct 21, 2026

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Oct 24, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-41391.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs6th percentile — riskier than 6% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

132other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream

openclawnpm

1.8Mdownloads / week

Description

Summary

PIP_INDEX_URL and UV_INDEX_URL bypass host exec env sanitization and redirect Python package-index traffic

Current Maintainer Triage

Status: narrow
Normalized severity: high
Assessment: v2026.3.28 still allows Python package-index env redirection through host exec, but scope should stay limited to approved or allowlisted package-management exec paths, not arbitrary remote execution.

Affected Packages / Versions

Package: openclaw (npm)
Latest published npm version: 2026.3.31
Vulnerable version range: <=2026.3.28
Patched versions: >= 2026.3.31
First stable tag containing the fix: v2026.3.31

Fix Commit(s)

7ae1bb0c7799fd0cbd2d4de7b0f5b8039837ab8d — 2026-03-31T09:53:32+09:00

OpenClaw thanks @nexrin for reporting.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
📦npm	`openclaw`	all versions	2026.3.31`npm install openclaw@2026.3.31`

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

openclawopenclaw

< 2026.3.31

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for openclaw, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update openclaw to 2026.3.31 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-41391 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary `PIP_INDEX_URL` and `UV_INDEX_URL` bypass host exec env sanitization and redirect Python package-index traffic ## Current Maintainer Triage - Status: narrow - Normalized severity: high - Assessment: v2026.3.28 still allows Python package-index env redirection through host exec, but scope should stay limited to approved or allowlisted package-management exec paths, not arbitrary remote execution. ## Affected Packages / Versions - Package: `openclaw` (npm) - Latest published npm version: `2026.3.31` - Vulnerable version range: `<=2026.3.28` - Patched versions: `>= 2026.3.31` - First

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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