How severe is CVE-2026-39998?

CVE-2026-39998 has a CVSS score of 8.8/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which products are affected by CVE-2026-39998?

Affected package information for CVE-2026-39998 is not yet fully mapped. Check the official advisory links for details.

How do I patch CVE-2026-39998?

Apply the apache apisix security patch or hotfix for CVE-2026-39998 on the affected version, following the vendor advisory for your exact build.

How do I detect CVE-2026-39998 across my infrastructure?

Inventory every apache apisix deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above. Because the exploit targets the running system rather than your application code, also watch for exploitation at the network and runtime layer — O3 flags the exploit behaviour from runtime telemetry and egress traffic even before a vulnerable build is confirmed.

How do I mitigate CVE-2026-39998 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Cut exposure now: restrict the management/admin interface to trusted networks, segment the device, and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations and any WAF/IPS signature. O3's runtime protection blocks the exploit chain at execution, holding the line on unpatched or end-of-life systems until you can patch.

How does O3 Security protect against CVE-2026-39998?

O3 detects and blocks CVE-2026-39998 exploitation at runtime: eBPF exploit-chain detection, plus L7 egress monitoring that catches the post-exploitation callback and severs the attacker's outbound channel.

Is CVE-2026-39998 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2026-39998 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2026-39998?

CVE-2026-39998 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.4%, placing it in the 32th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2026-39998?

CVE-2026-39998 is classified as Improper Input Validation (CWE-20). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

Which products and versions are affected by CVE-2026-39998?

CVE-2026-39998 affects apache apisix. Check the affected-products list on this page against your deployed version to confirm exposure.

When was CVE-2026-39998 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2026-39998 was published on June 19, 2026 and was last updated on June 23, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

CVE-2026-39998

HIGH

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache APISIX. The attacker can take advantage of certain configuration in forward-auth plugin to spoof identity headers. This issue affects…

Published

Jun 19, 2026

Updated

Jun 23, 2026

Affected

0 pkgs

Patched

None yet

Exploits

None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.4%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk32th percentile0.00%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Description

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache APISIX.

The attacker can take advantage of certain configuration in forward-auth plugin to spoof identity headers. This issue affects Apache APISIX: from 2.12.0 through 3.16.0.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.17.0, which fixes the issue.

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

apisixapache

≥ 2.12.0 && < 3.17.0

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Vendor / appliance

Detect
Inventory every apache apisix deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above. Because the exploit targets the running system rather than your application code, also watch for exploitation at the network and runtime layer — O3 flags the exploit behaviour from runtime telemetry and egress traffic even before a vulnerable build is confirmed.
Fix
Apply the apache apisix security patch or hotfix for CVE-2026-39998 on the affected version, following the vendor advisory for your exact build.
Workarounds
Cut exposure now: restrict the management/admin interface to trusted networks, segment the device, and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations and any WAF/IPS signature. O3's runtime protection blocks the exploit chain at execution, holding the line on unpatched or end-of-life systems until you can patch.
How O3 protects you
O3 detects and blocks CVE-2026-39998 exploitation at runtime: eBPF exploit-chain detection, plus L7 egress monitoring that catches the post-exploitation callback and severs the attacker's outbound channel.

Tailored to CVE-2026-39998. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache APISIX. The attacker can take advantage of certain configuration in forward-auth plugin to spoof identity headers. This issue affects Apache APISIX: from 2.12.0 through 3.16.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.17.0, which fixes the issue.

O3 Security · Runtime Protection

Is CVE-2026-39998 being exploited in your environment?

O3's eBPF runtime sensors and L7 egress monitoring detect and block the CVE-2026-39998 exploit chain at execution — protecting unpatched and end-of-life systems until the vendor patch is applied.

Protect my workloads How runtime protection works