CVE-2026-31237 — ludwig
CRITICALCVE-2026-31237 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.8) Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in ludwig. No vendor fix is recorded yet; mitigation options are listed below.
Ludwig framework is vulnerable to insecure deserialization through its predict() method.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2026-31237 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 378,567 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
ludwigReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
The Ludwig framework thru 0.10.4 is vulnerable to insecure deserialization (CWE-502) through its predict() method. When a user provides a dataset file path to the predict() method, the framework automatically determines the file format. If the file is a pickle (.pkl) file, it is loaded using pandas.read_pickle() without any validation or security restrictions. This allows the deserialization of arbitrary Python objects via the unsafe pickle module. A remote attacker can exploit this by providing a maliciously crafted pickle file, leading to arbitrary code execution on the system running the Ludwig prediction.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐍PyPI | ludwig | all versions | No fix |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for ludwig, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Remediation status
No patched version of ludwig has shipped for CVE-2026-31237 yet. Where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range, and apply any maintainer-recommended mitigation.
Mitigate without a patch
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2026-31237 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2026-31237. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2026-31237 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2026-31237 across PyPI dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.