How severe is CVE-2026-28684?

CVE-2026-28684 has a CVSS score of 6.6/10, rated MEDIUM. Review your exposure and patch according to your risk tolerance.

Which products are affected by CVE-2026-28684?

Affected package information for CVE-2026-28684 is not yet fully mapped. Check the official advisory links for details.

How do I patch CVE-2026-28684?

Apply the saurabh-kumar python-dotenv security patch or hotfix for CVE-2026-28684 on the affected version, following the vendor advisory for your exact build.

How do I detect CVE-2026-28684 across my infrastructure?

Inventory every saurabh-kumar python-dotenv deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above. Because the exploit targets the running system rather than your application code, also watch for exploitation at the network and runtime layer — O3 flags the exploit behaviour from runtime telemetry and egress traffic even before a vulnerable build is confirmed.

How do I mitigate CVE-2026-28684 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Cut exposure now: restrict the management/admin interface to trusted networks, segment the device, and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations and any WAF/IPS signature. O3's runtime protection blocks the exploit chain at execution, holding the line on unpatched or end-of-life systems until you can patch.

How does O3 Security protect against CVE-2026-28684?

O3 detects and blocks CVE-2026-28684 exploitation at runtime: eBPF exploit-chain detection, plus L7 egress monitoring that catches the post-exploitation callback and severs the attacker's outbound channel.

Is CVE-2026-28684 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2026-28684 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2026-28684?

CVE-2026-28684 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.2%, placing it in the 14th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2026-28684?

CVE-2026-28684 is classified as CWE-59 (CWE-59), CWE-61 (CWE-61). These weakness types describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

Which products and versions are affected by CVE-2026-28684?

CVE-2026-28684 affects saurabh-kumar python-dotenv. Check the affected-products list on this page against your deployed version to confirm exposure.

When was CVE-2026-28684 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2026-28684 was published on April 20, 2026 and was last updated on June 17, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

CVE-2026-28684

MEDIUM

python-dotenv reads key-value pairs from a .env file and can set them as environment variables. Prior to version 1.2.2, `set_key()` and `unset_key()` in python-dotenv follow symbolic…

Published

Apr 20, 2026

Updated

Jun 17, 2026

Affected

0 pkgs

Patched

None yet

Exploits

None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk14th percentile+0.23%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Description

python-dotenv reads key-value pairs from a .env file and can set them as environment variables. Prior to version 1.2.2, set_key() and unset_key() in python-dotenv follow symbolic links when rewriting .env files, allowing a local attacker to overwrite arbitrary files via a crafted symlink when a cross-device rename fallback is triggered. Users should upgrade to v.1.2.2 or, as a workaround, apply the patch manually.

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

python-dotenvsaurabh-kumar

< 1.2.2

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Vendor / appliance

Detect
Inventory every saurabh-kumar python-dotenv deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above. Because the exploit targets the running system rather than your application code, also watch for exploitation at the network and runtime layer — O3 flags the exploit behaviour from runtime telemetry and egress traffic even before a vulnerable build is confirmed.
Fix
Apply the saurabh-kumar python-dotenv security patch or hotfix for CVE-2026-28684 on the affected version, following the vendor advisory for your exact build.
Workarounds
Cut exposure now: restrict the management/admin interface to trusted networks, segment the device, and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations and any WAF/IPS signature. O3's runtime protection blocks the exploit chain at execution, holding the line on unpatched or end-of-life systems until you can patch.
How O3 protects you
O3 detects and blocks CVE-2026-28684 exploitation at runtime: eBPF exploit-chain detection, plus L7 egress monitoring that catches the post-exploitation callback and severs the attacker's outbound channel.

Tailored to CVE-2026-28684. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

python-dotenv reads key-value pairs from a .env file and can set them as environment variables. Prior to version 1.2.2, `set_key()` and `unset_key()` in python-dotenv follow symbolic links when rewriting `.env` files, allowing a local attacker to overwrite arbitrary files via a crafted symlink when a cross-device rename fallback is triggered. Users should upgrade to v.1.2.2 or, as a workaround, apply the patch manually.

O3 Security · Runtime Protection

Is CVE-2026-28684 being exploited in your environment?

O3's eBPF runtime sensors and L7 egress monitoring detect and block the CVE-2026-28684 exploit chain at execution — protecting unpatched and end-of-life systems until the vendor patch is applied.

Protect my workloads How runtime protection works