How severe is CVE-2026-28476?

No CVSS score has been assigned to CVE-2026-28476 yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2026-28476?

CVE-2026-28476 affects the following packages: openclaw (npm). Ecosystems affected: npm.

How do I fix CVE-2026-28476?

Update openclaw to 2026.2.14 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-28476 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2026-28476 in my npm dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for openclaw, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2026-28476 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Restrict outbound requests from the affected component to an allowlist of hosts, block access to link-local and internal address ranges at the network layer, and require authentication on internal services so a forged request cannot reach them unauthenticated.

Is CVE-2026-28476 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2026-28476 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2026-28476?

CVE-2026-28476 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.3%, placing it in the 21th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2026-28476?

CVE-2026-28476 is classified as Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (CWE-918). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

When was CVE-2026-28476 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2026-28476 was published on March 5, 2026 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

📦 npm

Not in CISA KEV

CVE-2026-28476 — openclaw

Fix: openclaw/openclaw@bfa7d21

CVE-2026-28476 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in openclaw. A fix is available for openclaw — see the affected versions and patch details below.

OpenClaw < 2026.2.14 - Server-Side Request Forgery in Tlon Extension Authentication

Also known asGHSA-pg2v-8xwh-qhcc

Published

Mar 5, 2026

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 1, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-28476.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk-0.14%

Lower risk than most CVEs21th percentile — riskier than 21% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

132other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream

openclawnpm

3.4Mdownloads / week

Description

Summary

The optional Tlon (Urbit) extension previously accepted a user-provided base URL for authentication and used it to construct an outbound HTTP request, enabling server-side request forgery (SSRF) in affected deployments.

Impact

This only affects deployments that have installed and configured the Tlon (Urbit) extension, and where an attacker can influence the configured Urbit URL. Under those conditions, the gateway could be induced to make HTTP requests to attacker-chosen hosts (including internal addresses).

Deployments that do not use the Tlon extension, or where untrusted users cannot change the Urbit URL, are not impacted.

Affected Packages / Versions

Package: openclaw (npm)
Affected versions: <= 2026.2.13

Fixed Versions

2026.2.14 (planned next release)

Fix Commit(s)

bfa7d21e997baa8e3437657d59b1e296815cc1b1

Details

Urbit authentication now validates and normalizes the base URL and uses an SSRF guard that blocks private/internal hosts by default (opt-in: channels.tlon.allowPrivateNetwork).

Release Process Note

This advisory is pre-populated with the planned patched version (2026.2.14). After [email protected] is published to npm, publish this advisory without further edits.

Thanks @p80n-sec for reporting.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
📦npm	`openclaw`	all versions	2026.2.14`npm install openclaw@2026.2.14`

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

openclawopenclaw

< 2026.2.14

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for openclaw, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update openclaw to 2026.2.14 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-28476 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Restrict outbound requests from the affected component to an allowlist of hosts, block access to link-local and internal address ranges at the network layer, and require authentication on internal services so a forged request cannot reach them unauthenticated.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary The optional Tlon (Urbit) extension previously accepted a user-provided base URL for authentication and used it to construct an outbound HTTP request, enabling server-side request forgery (SSRF) in affected deployments. ## Impact This only affects deployments that have installed and configured the Tlon (Urbit) extension, and where an attacker can influence the configured Urbit URL. Under those conditions, the gateway could be induced to make HTTP requests to attacker-chosen hosts (including internal addresses). Deployments that do not use the Tlon extension, or where untrusted use

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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