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Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

CVE-2026-2229 undici

HIGH

CVE-2026-2229 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) CWE-248 vulnerability in undici. A fix is available for undici — see the affected versions and patch details below.

undici is vulnerable to Unhandled Exception in undici WebSocket Client Due to Invalid server_max_window_bits Validation

Also known asGHSA-v9p9-hfj2-hcw8
Published
Mar 12, 2026
Updated
Sep 15, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 17, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-2229.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.9%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs57th percentile — riskier than 57% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2026-2229 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

8Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
undicinpm
166.5Mdownloads / week

Description

ImpactThe undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack due to improper validation of the server_max_window_bits parameter in the permessage-deflate extension. When a WebSocket client connects to a server, it automatically advertises support for permessage-deflate compression. A malicious server can respond with an out-of-range server_max_window_bits value (outside zlib's valid range of 8-15). When the server subsequently sends a compressed frame, the client attempts to create a zlib InflateRaw instance with the invalid windowBits value, causing a synchronous RangeError exception that is not caught, resulting in immediate process termination.

The vulnerability exists because:

  • The isValidClientWindowBits() function only validates that the value contains ASCII digits, not that it falls within the valid range 8-15
  • The createInflateRaw() call is not wrapped in a try-catch block
  • The resulting exception propagates up through the call stack and crashes the Node.js process

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmundiciall versions6.24.0npm install undici@6.24.0
📦npmundici7.0.0&&< 7.24.07.24.0npm install undici@7.24.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for undici, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update undici to 6.24.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-2229 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2026-2229 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2026-2229. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatImportant
ProductFixed inAdvisory
Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9cryostat/cryostat-openshift-console-plugin-rhel9:4.2.0-9RHSA-2026:17789
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10nodejs22-1:22.22.2-1.el10_1RHSA-2026:7080
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10nodejs24-1:24.14.1-2.el10_1RHSA-2026:7675
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Supportnodejs22-1:22.22.2-2.el10_0RHSA-2026:7310
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8nodejs:22-8100020260331102257.6d880403RHSA-2026:7123
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8nodejs:24-8100020260408131901.6d880403RHSA-2026:7670
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9nodejs:22-9070020260401095228.rhel9RHSA-2026:7302
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9nodejs:24-9070020260402152654.rhel9RHSA-2026:7350

Frequently Asked Questions

ImpactThe undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack due to improper validation of the server_max_window_bits parameter in the permessage-deflate extension. When a WebSocket client connects to a server, it automatically advertises support for permessage-deflate compression. A malicious server can respond with an out-of-range server_max_window_bits value (outside zlib's valid range of 8-15). When the server subsequently sends a compressed frame, the client attempts to create a zlib InflateRaw instance with the invalid windowBits value, causing a synchronous RangeError e
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2026-2229 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2026-2229 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2026-2229: undici (High 7.5) | O3 Security