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🐍 PyPI
Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

CVE-2026-12398

HIGH

CVE-2026-12398 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) OS Command Injection vulnerability in galaxy-ng. O3 Security confirms whether CVE-2026-12398 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Galaxy NG: command injection vulnerability

Also known asPYSEC-2026-2486
Published
Jun 16, 2026
Updated
Jul 13, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
None yet
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Aug 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-12398.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.9%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs56th percentile — riskier than 56% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.39%0.72%1.06%1.39%0.9%0.9%Jul 26Aug 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2026-12398 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 0 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🐍galaxy-ng

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

A command injection vulnerability was found in galaxy_ng. The do_git_checkout() function in the legacy role import API (v1) interpolates unsanitized git ref names (branch/tag names) into shell commands executed via subprocess.run() with shell=True. An authenticated user who controls a git repository can create a branch or tag with shell metacharacters in the name to achieve remote code execution on the pulp worker. The vulnerable endpoint is only reachable when GALAXY_ENABLE_LEGACY_ROLES is set to True, which is not the default configuration.

Affected Packages

1 total
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPIgalaxy-ngall versionsNo fix

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for galaxy-ng. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Remediation status

    No patched version of galaxy-ng has shipped for CVE-2026-12398 yet. Where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range, and apply any maintainer-recommended mitigation.

  3. Mitigate without a patch

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether CVE-2026-12398 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to CVE-2026-12398. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

A command injection vulnerability was found in galaxy_ng. The do_git_checkout() function in the legacy role import API (v1) interpolates unsanitized git ref names (branch/tag names) into shell commands executed via subprocess.run() with shell=True. An authenticated user who controls a git repository can create a branch or tag with shell metacharacters in the name to achieve remote code execution on the pulp worker. The vulnerable endpoint is only reachable when GALAXY_ENABLE_LEGACY_ROLES is set to True, which is not the default configuration.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2026-12398 in your dependencies?

O3 detects CVE-2026-12398 across PyPI dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.