CVE-2025-66168
HIGHApache ActiveMQ is Vulnerable to Integer Overflow or Wraparound
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Blast Radius
org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq☕org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq☕org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq☕org.apache.activemq:activemq-all☕org.apache.activemq:activemq-all☕org.apache.activemq:activemq-all☕org.apache.activemq:activemq-mqtt☕org.apache.activemq:activemq-mqtt+1 moreReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Apache ActiveMQ does not properly validate the remaining length field which may lead to an overflow during the decoding of malformed packets. When this integer overflow occurs, ActiveMQ may incorrectly compute the total Remaining Length and subsequently misinterpret the payload as multiple MQTT control packets which makes the broker susceptible to unexpected behavior when interacting with non-compliant clients. This behavior violates the MQTT v3.1.1 specification, which restricts Remaining Length to a maximum of 4 bytes. The scenario occurs on established connections after the authentication process. Brokers that are not enabling mqtt transport connectors are not impacted.
This issue affects Apache ActiveMQ: before 5.19.2, 6.0.0 to 6.1.8, and 6.2.0
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 5.19.2, 6.1.9, or 6.2.1, which fixes the issue.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq | all versions | 5.19.2 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq | ≥ 6.0.0&&< 6.1.9 | 6.1.9 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq | ≥ 6.2.0&&< 6.2.1 | 6.2.1 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.activemq:activemq-all | all versions | 5.19.2 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.activemq:activemq-all | ≥ 6.0.0&&< 6.1.9 | 6.1.9 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.activemq:activemq-all | ≥ 6.2.0&&< 6.2.1 | 6.2.1 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update org.apache.activemq:apache-activemq to 5.19.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-66168 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether CVE-2025-66168 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.
Tailored to CVE-2025-66168. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-66168 in your dependencies?
O3 detects CVE-2025-66168 across Maven dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.