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MEDIUM severity

CVE-2025-54941 — apache-airflow

MEDIUM

CVE-2025-54941 is a medium-severity (CVSS 4.6) OS Command Injection vulnerability in apache-airflow. A fix is available for apache-airflow — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Apache Airflow: Command injection in "example_dag_decorator"

Also known asBIT-airflow-2025-54941GHSA-v3c9-j6h9-66v4PYSEC-2026-1135
Published
Updated
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 8, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-54941.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs43th percentile — riskier than 43% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.33%0.66%0.99%0.1%0.5%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🐍apache-airflow

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

An example dag example_dag_decorator had non-validated parameter that allowed the UI user to redirect the example to a malicious server and execute code on worker. This however required that the example dags are enabled in production (not default) or the example dag code copied to build your own similar dag. If you used the example_dag_decorator please review it and apply the changes implemented in Airflow 3.0.5 accordingly.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPIapache-airflow≥ 3.0.0&&< 3.0.53.0.5pip install --upgrade 'apache-airflow==3.0.5'

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations
Application
airflowapache
≥ 3.0.0 && < 3.0.5
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for apache-airflow, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update apache-airflow to 3.0.5 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-54941 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Frequently Asked Questions

An example dag `example_dag_decorator` had non-validated parameter that allowed the UI user to redirect the example to a malicious server and execute code on worker. This however required that the example dags are enabled in production (not default) or the example dag code copied to build your own similar dag. If you used the `example_dag_decorator` please review it and apply the changes implemented in Airflow 3.0.5 accordingly.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2025-54941: apache-airflow — Fixed in 3.0.5