How severe is CVE-2025-48997?

No CVSS score has been assigned to CVE-2025-48997 yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2025-48997?

CVE-2025-48997 affects the following packages: multer (npm). Ecosystems affected: npm.

How do I fix CVE-2025-48997?

Update multer to 2.0.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-48997 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2025-48997 in my npm dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for multer, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2025-48997 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Is CVE-2025-48997 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2025-48997 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2025-48997?

CVE-2025-48997 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.5%, placing it in the 42th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2025-48997?

CVE-2025-48997 is classified as CWE-248 (CWE-248). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was CVE-2025-48997 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2025-48997 was published on June 3, 2025 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

📦 npm

Not in CISA KEV

CVE-2025-48997 — multer

Fix: expressjs/multer@35a3272

CVE-2025-48997 is a CWE-248 vulnerability in multer. A fix is available for multer — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Multer vulnerable to Denial of Service via unhandled exception

Also known asGHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg

Published

Jun 3, 2025

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 4, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-48997.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs42th percentile — riskier than 42% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

7Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream

multernpm

30.9Mdownloads / week

Description

Multer is a node.js middleware for handling multipart/form-data. A vulnerability that is present starting in version 1.4.4-lts.1 and prior to version 2.0.1 allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) by sending an upload file request with an empty string field name. This request causes an unhandled exception, leading to a crash of the process. Users should upgrade to 2.0.1 to receive a patch. No known workarounds are available.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
📦npm	`multer`	≥ 1.4.4-lts.1&&< 2.0.1	2.0.1`npm install multer@2.0.1`

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for multer, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update multer to 2.0.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-48997 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

The denial of service impact is limited to the program that integrates multer. The host operating system is not affected.

Workaround published by Red Hat

Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.

Source: Red Hat security advisory for CVE-2025-48997 (CC BY 4.0)

Product	Fixed in	Advisory
Red Hat Developer Hub 1.7	`rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9:1.7.0-1754936470`	RHSA-2025:14090

Frequently Asked Questions

Multer is a node.js middleware for handling `multipart/form-data`. A vulnerability that is present starting in version 1.4.4-lts.1 and prior to version 2.0.1 allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) by sending an upload file request with an empty string field name. This request causes an unhandled exception, leading to a crash of the process. Users should upgrade to `2.0.1` to receive a patch. No known workarounds are available.