How severe is CVE-2025-4581?

CVE-2025-4581 has a CVSS score of 8.6/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2025-4581?

CVE-2025-4581 affects the following packages: com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom (Maven), com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom (Maven), com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom (Maven), com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom (Maven), com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom (Maven), com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom (Maven), com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom (Maven). Ecosystems affected: Maven.

How do I fix CVE-2025-4581?

A fix is available for CVE-2025-4581; check the affected-versions list above or the advisory for the patched release of com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom, then make sure no transitive dependency still pins the vulnerable range.

How do I detect CVE-2025-4581 in my Maven dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2025-4581 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Restrict outbound requests from the affected component to an allowlist of hosts, block access to link-local and internal address ranges at the network layer, and require authentication on internal services so a forged request cannot reach them unauthenticated.

Is CVE-2025-4581 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2025-4581 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2025-4581?

CVE-2025-4581 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.5%, placing it in the 43th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2025-4581?

CVE-2025-4581 is classified as Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (CWE-918). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

When was CVE-2025-4581 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2025-4581 was published on August 9, 2025 and was last updated on October 24, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

☕

☕ Maven

Not in CISA KEV

HIGH severity

CVE-2025-4581 — release.portal.bom

HIGH

CVE-2025-4581 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.6) Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom. A fix is available for com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Liferay Portal and Liferay DXP vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery

Also known asGHSA-6v93-frf9-2rp8

Published

Aug 9, 2025

Updated

Oct 24, 2026

Affected

7 pkgs

Patched

2 / 7

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-4581.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk+0.02%

Lower risk than most CVEs43th percentile — riskier than 43% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

7 pkgs affected

☕com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom☕com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom☕com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom☕com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom☕com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom☕com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom☕com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.4, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.1 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.15, and 7.4 GA through update 92 allow a pre-authentication blind SSRF vulnerability in the portal-settings-authentication-opensso-web component due to improper validation of user-supplied URLs. An attacker can exploit this issue to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal systems, potentially leading to internal network enumeration or further exploitation.

Affected Packages

7 total 2 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
☕Maven	`com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom`	≥ 7.4.0	No fix
☕Maven	`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	≥ 2025.Q1.0&&< 2025.Q1.5	2025.Q1.5`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom:2025.Q1.5`
☕Maven	`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	≥ 2024.Q4.0	No fix
☕Maven	`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	≥ 2024.Q3.1	No fix
☕Maven	`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	≥ 2024.Q2.0	No fix
☕Maven	`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom`	≥ 2024.Q1.0&&< 2024.Q1.16	2024.Q1.16`com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom:2024.Q1.16`

Affected Products

2 products · 7 configurations

Application

digital experience platformliferay

≥ 2025.q1.0 && ≤ 2025.q1.4

1 version

7.4

Application

liferay portalliferay

≥ 7.4.0 && ≤ 7.4.3.132

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
A fix is available for CVE-2025-4581; check the affected-versions list above or the advisory for the patched release of com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom, then make sure no transitive dependency still pins the vulnerable range.
Workarounds
Restrict outbound requests from the affected component to an allowlist of hosts, block access to link-local and internal address ranges at the network layer, and require authentication on internal services so a forged request cannot reach them unauthenticated.

Frequently Asked Questions

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2025-4581 in your dependencies?

Find it across Maven, including transitive dependencies.

Scan my dependencies How O3 SCA works

CVSS Score

8.6/10CVSS v3 base

Vector breakdown

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

None

Availability

None

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

CWE Classification

CWE-918Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Weaponization

No Nuclei template, Metasploit module or public proof-of-concept found.

OpenSSF Scorecard

Package health score

liferay-portal

2.5/10

Code-Review0/10

Maintained10/10

Branch-Protection0/10

Assessed Nov 9, 2026

Timeline

Disclosed

Aug 9, 2025

Last updated

Oct 24, 2026

Identifiers

CVE-2025-4581

GHSA-6v93-frf9-2rp8

References

Advisoryliferay.dev · CVE 2025 4581 Advisorynvd.nist.gov · CVE 2025 4581 Packagegithub.com · liferay portal

Related vulnerabilities

This CVE is high severity; 2 of 8 other CVEs affecting release.portal.bom are rated as high or higher (top: high).

CVE-2025-62264CVE-2025-62265CVE-2025-62257CVE-2025-62266CVE-2025-62258CVE-2025-62259CVE-2025-62260CVE-2025-62261

Provenance

Sources

OSV.devNVDFIRST.org (EPSS)

Last verifiedOct 24, 2026

CVE-2025-4581 — release.portal.bom

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

EPSS Exploitation Probability

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

Description

Affected Packages

Affected Products

Detection & mitigation playbook

Detect

Fix

Workarounds

Frequently Asked Questions

Is CVE-2025-4581 in your dependencies?