CVE-2025-41243 — spring-cloud-gateway-serv…
CRITICALCVE-2025-41243 is a critical-severity (CVSS 10) Code Injection vulnerability in org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux. A fix is available for org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Spring Expression language property modification using Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebFlux
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-41243.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2025-41243 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 379,145 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux☕org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux☕org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux☕org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webfluxReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to Spring Environment property modification.
An application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true:
- The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebMVC is not vulnerable).
- Spring Boot actuator is a dependency.
- The Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway.
- The actuator endpoints are available to attackers.
- The actuator endpoints are unsecured.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux | ≥ 3.1.0 | No fix |
| ☕Maven | org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux | ≥ 4.0.0 | No fix |
| ☕Maven | org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux | ≥ 4.2.0&&< 4.2.5 | 4.2.5org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux:4.2.5 |
| ☕Maven | org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux | ≥ 4.3.0&&< 4.3.1 | 4.3.1org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux:4.3.1 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
No patched version of org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux has shipped for CVE-2025-41243 yet. Where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range, and apply any maintainer-recommended mitigation.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2025-41243 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2025-41243. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
How to detect CVE-2025-41243
A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:
nuclei -id cve-2025-41243 -u https://target- Template
- Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux - Broken Access Control
- Severity
- critical
- Impact
- Attackers can modify Spring Environment properties, potentially leading to configuration tampering and further compromise.
- Remediation
- Secure actuator endpoints or disable gateway actuator exposure; update to latest Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux version.
Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (Redmomn), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-41243 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2025-41243 across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.