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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2025-2905 — am-distribution-parent

CRITICAL

CVE-2025-2905 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.1) XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in org.wso2.am:am-distribution-parent. A fix is available for org.wso2.am:am-distribution-parent — see the affected versions and patch details below.

WSO2 API Manager XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability

Also known asGHSA-h94w-8qhg-3xmc
Published
Updated
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 3, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-2905.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs70th percentile — riskier than 70% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.60%1.20%1.79%0.1%1.3%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
☕org.wso2.am:am-distribution-parent

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

An XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability exists in the gateway component of WSO2 API Manager due to insufficient validation of XML input in crafted URL paths. User-supplied XML is parsed without appropriate restrictions, enabling external entity resolution.

This vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthenticated remote attacker to read files from the server’s filesystem or perform denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.

  • On systems running JDK 7 or early JDK 8, full file contents may be exposed.

  • On later versions of JDK 8 and newer, only the first line of a file may be read, due to improvements in XML parser behavior.

  • DoS attacks such as "Billion Laughs" payloads can cause service disruption.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavenorg.wso2.am:am-distribution-parentall versions2.1.0org.wso2.am:am-distribution-parent:2.1.0

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations
Application
api managerwso2
≤ 2.0.0
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.wso2.am:am-distribution-parent, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update org.wso2.am:am-distribution-parent to 2.1.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-2905 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Frequently Asked Questions

An XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability exists in the gateway component of WSO2 API Manager due to insufficient validation of XML input in crafted URL paths. User-supplied XML is parsed without appropriate restrictions, enabling external entity resolution. This vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthenticated remote attacker to read files from the server’s filesystem or perform denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. * On systems running JDK 7 or early JDK 8, full file contents may be exposed. * On later versions of JDK 8 and newer, only the first line of a file may be read, due to im
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2025-2905: am-distribution DoS — Fixed in 2.1.0