CVE-2025-26525 — moodle
HIGHCVE-2025-26525 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.6) CWE-552 vulnerability in moodle/moodle. A fix is available for moodle/moodle — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Arbitrary file read risk through pdfTeX
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-26525.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.
How urgent is this, really
Where this sits among everything scored
Real-World Exposure
moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodleReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Insufficient sanitizing in the TeX notation filter resulted in an arbitrary file read risk on sites where pdfTeX is available (such as those with TeX Live installed).
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐘Packagist | moodle/moodle | ≥ 4.5.0-beta&&< 4.5.2 | 4.5.2composer require moodle/moodle:^4.5.2 |
| 🐘Packagist | moodle/moodle | ≥ 4.4.0-beta&&< 4.4.6 | 4.4.6composer require moodle/moodle:^4.4.6 |
| 🐘Packagist | moodle/moodle | ≥ 4.3.0-beta&&< 4.3.10 | 4.3.10composer require moodle/moodle:^4.3.10 |
| 🐘Packagist | moodle/moodle | all versions | 4.1.16composer require moodle/moodle:^4.1.16 |
Affected Products
moodlemoodleDetection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for moodle/moodle, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update moodle/moodle to 4.5.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-26525 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-26525 in your dependencies?
Find it across Packagist, including transitive dependencies.