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CISA KEV · ACTIVELY EXPLOITED
MEDIUM severity

CVE-2025-24054 — Windows 10 21h2

MEDIUM

CVE-2025-24054 is a medium-severity (CVSS 6.5) CWE-73 vulnerability in microsoft windows 10 21h2. It is in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-04-17) — treat it as actively exploited and patch now. A fix is available — see the affected versions and patch details below.

External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Published
Updated
Affected
15 products
Patched
See advisory
Exploits
5 known
Exploitation data as of Oct 22, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Actively exploited in the wild

  • Confirmed by CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-17. Federal agencies were required to remediate by 2025-05-08.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA (KEV catalog and SSVC triage) for CVE-2025-24054.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
62.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
High Risk+3.36%
Lower risk than most CVEs99th percentile — riskier than 99% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%26.2%52.4%78.6%7.8%59.0%58.9%58.9%62.3%May 26Sep 26Oct 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2025-24054 by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). Outside the shaded patch-first corner.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 395,249 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the 50–90% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Description

External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Affected Products

15 products · 26 configurations
OS
windows 10 21h2microsoft
< 10.0.19044.5608
range
OS
windows 10 22h2microsoft
< 10.0.19045.5608
range
OS
windows 10 1507microsoft
< 10.0.10240.20947
range
OS
windows 10 1607microsoft
< 10.0.14393.7876
range
OS
windows 10 1809microsoft
< 10.0.17763.7009
range
OS
windows 11 22h2microsoft
< 10.0.22621.5039
range
Exploits & PoCs
5

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

EDB-52480remotewindows

Windows 10.0.17763.7009 - spoofing vulnerability

by beatrizfn · Feb 11, 2026

Exploit-DB Source
EDB-52478remotewindows

windows 10/11 - NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing

by beatrizfn · Feb 4, 2026

Exploit-DB Source
EDB-52280localwindows

Microsoft - NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing (library-ms)

by hyp3rlinx · May 1, 2025

Exploit-DB Source

Detection & mitigation playbook

Vendor / appliance

  1. Detect

    Inventory every microsoft windows 10 21h2 deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above.

  2. Fix

    Apply the microsoft windows 10 21h2 security patch or hotfix for CVE-2025-24054 on the affected version, following the vendor advisory for your exact build.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands. Alongside that, restrict the management interface to trusted networks and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations.

Frequently Asked Questions

External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
O3 Security · Runtime Protection

Is CVE-2025-24054 being exploited in your environment?

Detect and block the exploit chain at execution, on systems you cannot patch yet.

Protect my workloads How runtime protection works
CVE-2025-24054: Windows 10 21h2 (Medium 6.5, KEV)