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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2025-23025 — xwiki-platform-realtime-w…

CRITICAL

CVE-2025-23025 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9) CWE-862 vulnerability in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui. A fix is available for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Privilege escalation (PR) through realtime WYSIWYG editing in XWiki

Also known asGHSA-rmm7-r7wr-xpfg
Published
Updated
Affected
3 pkgs
Patched
3 / 3
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 2, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-23025.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.4%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs37th percentile — riskier than 37% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.91%1.82%2.73%2.2%0.4%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

3 pkgs affected
☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

NOTE: The Realtime WYSIWYG Editor extension was experimental, and thus not recommended, in the versions affected by this vulnerability. It has become enabled by default, and thus recommended, starting with XWiki 16.9.0.

A user with only edit right can join a realtime editing session where others, that where already there or that may join later, have script or programming access rights. This user can then insert script rendering macros that are executed for those users in the realtime session that have script or programming rights. The inserted scripts can be used to gain more access rights.

Here's an example that works with XWiki 15.10.9+ and 16.2.0+:

  • the attacker starts editing a wiki page in realtime (for which they have edit right)
  • another user, with script or programming access right joins the editing session (e.g. by clicking on a link / URL provided by the attacker)
  • the attacker inserts a script rendering macro, say {{velocity}}I can run scripts{{/velocity}}, in the edited content, using the WYSIWYG editor UI
  • the edited content is reloaded for both the attacker and the other user, in order to render the inserted macro
    • the attacker gets a rendering error message
    • the other user sees "I can run scripts"

The attacker can obviously use more advanced scripts to gain access rights.

Before XWiki 15.10.9 and 16.2.0 the edited content was not re-rendered for all the users in the editing sesesion, but only for the user that inserted the macro. This means that in order to reproduce the problem the other user had to insert or update a macro or save and view the content.

Patches

This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 15.10.12, 16.4.1 and 16.6.0-rc-1.

Workarounds

To avoid this vulnerability you can:

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Affected Packages

3 total 3 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavenorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui≥ 13.9-rc-1&&< 15.10.1215.10.12org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui:15.10.12
☕Mavenorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui≥ 16.0.0-rc-1&&< 16.4.116.4.1org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui:16.4.1
☕Mavenorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui≥ 16.5.0-rc-1&&< 16.6.0-rc-116.6.0-rc-1org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui:16.6.0-rc-1

Affected Products

1 product · 4 configurations
Application
xwikixwiki
≥ 16.0.0 && < 16.4.1
1 version
16.5.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui to 15.10.12 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-23025 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Put an independent control in front of the weakness: restrict the affected endpoint or interface to trusted networks, require an additional authentication factor or proxy-level check, and invalidate existing sessions and credentials in case the flaw has already been used.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact NOTE: The [Realtime WYSIWYG Editor](https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/Realtime%20WYSIWYG%20Editor/) extension was **experimental**, and thus **not recommended**, in the versions affected by this vulnerability. It has become enabled by default, and thus recommended, starting with XWiki 16.9.0. A user with only **edit right** can join a realtime editing session where others, that where already there or that may join later, have **script** or **programming** access rights. This user can then insert **script rendering macros** that are executed for those users in t
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CVE-2025-23025: Fixed in 15.10.12 (Critical 9)