CVE-2024-34344 — nuxt
HIGHCVE-2024-34344 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.8) Code Injection vulnerability in nuxt. A fix is available for nuxt — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Remote code execution via the browser when running the test locally in nuxt
Exploitation Status
Proof-of-concept exploit code exists
- CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
- A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2024-34344.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2024-34344 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 377,636 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.
nuxtnpmDescription
Summary
Due to the insufficient validation of the path parameter in the NuxtTestComponentWrapper, an attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript on the server side, which allows them to execute arbitrary commands.
Details
While running the test, a special component named NuxtTestComponentWrapper is available.
https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/blob/4779f5906fa4d3c784c2e2d6fe5a5c5f181faaec/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-root.vue#L42-L43
This component loads the specified path as a component and renders it.
There is a validation for the path parameter to check whether the path traversal is performed, but this check is not sufficient.
Since import(...) uses query.path instead of the normalized path, a non-normalized URL can reach the import(...) function.
For example, passing something like ./components/test normalizes path to /root/directory/components/test, but import(...) still receives ./components/test.
By using this behavior, it's possible to load arbitrary JavaScript by using the path like the following:
data:text/javascript;base64,Y29uc29sZS5sb2coMSk
Since resolve(...) resolves the filesystem path, not the URI, the above URI is treated as a relative path, but import(...) sees it as an absolute URI, and loads it as a JavaScript.
PoC
- Create a nuxt project and run it in the test mode:
npx nuxi@latest init test
cd test
TEST=true npm run dev
- Open the following URL:
http://localhost:3000/__nuxt_component_test__/?path=data%3Atext%2Fjavascript%3Bbase64%2CKGF3YWl0IGltcG9ydCgnZnMnKSkud3JpdGVGaWxlU3luYygnL3RtcC90ZXN0JywgKGF3YWl0IGltcG9ydCgnY2hpbGRfcHJvY2VzcycpKS5zcGF3blN5bmMoIndob2FtaSIpLnN0ZG91dCwgJ3V0Zi04Jyk
- Confirm that the output of
whoamiis written to/tmp/test
Demonstration video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FI6mN8WbcE4
Impact
Users who open a malicious web page in the browser while running the test locally are affected by this vulnerability, which results in the remote code execution from the malicious web page. Since web pages can send requests to arbitrary addresses, a malicious web page can repeatedly try to exploit this vulnerability, which then triggers the exploit when the test server starts.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 📦npm | nuxt | ≥ 3.4.0&&< 3.12.4 | 3.12.4npm install nuxt@3.12.4 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for nuxt, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update nuxt to 3.12.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2024-34344 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2024-34344 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2024-34344. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2024-34344 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2024-34344 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.