CVE-2024-1561 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) CWE-29 vulnerability in gradio. 3 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for gradio — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Arbitrary Local File Read via Component Method Invocation in gradio-app/gradio
Exploitation Status
Proof-of-concept exploit code exists
- CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
- CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2024-1561.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2024-1561 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 376,715 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
gradioReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
An issue was discovered in gradio-app/gradio, where the /component_server endpoint improperly allows the invocation of any method on a Component class with attacker-controlled arguments. Specifically, by exploiting the move_resource_to_block_cache() method of the Block class, an attacker can copy any file on the filesystem to a temporary directory and subsequently retrieve it. This vulnerability enables unauthorized local file read access, posing a significant risk especially when the application is exposed to the internet via launch(share=True), thereby allowing remote attackers to read files on the host machine. Furthermore, gradio apps hosted on huggingface.co are also affected, potentially leading to the exposure of sensitive information such as API keys and credentials stored in environment variables.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐍PyPI | gradio | all versions | 4.13.0pip install --upgrade 'gradio==4.13.0' |
Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for gradio, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update gradio to 4.13.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2024-1561 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2024-1561 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2024-1561. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
How to detect CVE-2024-1561
A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:
nuclei -id cve-2024-1561 -u https://target- Template
- Gradio 4.3-4.12 - Local File Read
- Severity
- high
- Impact
- Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to read files on the server
- Remediation
- Update to Gradio 4.13.0
Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (nvn1729, Diablo), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2024-1561 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2024-1561 across PyPI dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.