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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2023-43654 torchserve

CRITICALFix: pytorch/serve#2534

CVE-2023-43654 is a critical-severity (CVSS 10) Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in torchserve. 5 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for torchserve — see the affected versions and patch details below.

TorchServe Server-Side Request Forgery

Also known asGHSA-8fxr-qfr9-p34wPYSEC-2026-553
Published
Sep 28, 2023
Updated
Aug 12, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
5 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 17, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2023-43654.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
35.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Moderate Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs98th percentile — riskier than 98% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2023-43654 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the 10–50% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🐍torchserve

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

TorchServe is a tool for serving and scaling PyTorch models in production. TorchServe default configuration lacks proper input validation, enabling third parties to invoke remote HTTP download requests and write files to the disk. This issue could be taken advantage of to compromise the integrity of the system and sensitive data. This issue is present in versions 0.1.0 to 0.8.1. A user is able to load the model of their choice from any URL that they would like to use. The user of TorchServe is responsible for configuring both the allowed_urls and specifying the model URL to be used. A pull request to warn the user when the default value for allowed_urls is used has been merged in PR #2534. TorchServe release 0.8.2 includes this change. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this issue.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPItorchserve0.1.0&&< 0.8.20.8.2pip install --upgrade 'torchserve==0.8.2'
Exploits & PoCs
5

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for torchserve, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update torchserve to 0.8.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-43654 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2023-43654 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2023-43654. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

How to detect CVE-2023-43654

A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:

nuclei -id cve-2023-43654 -u https://target
Template
PyTorch TorchServe SSRF
Severity
critical
Impact
Unauthenticated attackers can load malicious models from arbitrary URLs and write files to disk due to lack of input validation, potentially compromising the PyTorch TorchServe system and accessing internal network resources through SSRF.
Remediation
Update PyTorch TorchServe to version 0.8.2 or later that includes allowed_urls validation and restricts model loading to trusted sources.

Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (DhiyaneshDk), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.

Frequently Asked Questions

TorchServe is a tool for serving and scaling PyTorch models in production. TorchServe default configuration lacks proper input validation, enabling third parties to invoke remote HTTP download requests and write files to the disk. This issue could be taken advantage of to compromise the integrity of the system and sensitive data. This issue is present in versions 0.1.0 to 0.8.1. A user is able to load the model of their choice from any URL that they would like to use. The user of TorchServe is responsible for configuring both the allowed_urls and specifying the model URL to be used. A pull req
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2023-43654 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2023-43654 across PyPI dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2023-43654: torchserve (Critical 10) | O3 Security