How severe is CVE-2023-37462?

CVE-2023-37462 has a CVSS score of 9.9/10, rated CRITICAL. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2023-37462?

CVE-2023-37462 affects the following packages: org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui (Maven), org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui (Maven). Ecosystems affected: Maven.

How do I fix CVE-2023-37462?

Update org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui to 14.4.8 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-37462 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2023-37462 in my Maven dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2023-37462 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Close the privilege gap rather than the entry point: audit which accounts, roles and service identities can reach the affected operation, drop the component to the least privilege it actually needs, and review file and directory permissions created by earlier installs — a default left in place is what makes this reachable.

Is CVE-2023-37462 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. There are 2 known exploit references for CVE-2023-37462, including 2 in-the-wild exploitations observed on GitHub and other sources. Treat this as actively exploitable and prioritize patching immediately. All exploit code should only be run in an isolated sandbox environment for research or authorized testing — never against production systems without explicit written authorization.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2023-37462?

CVE-2023-37462 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 91.6%, placing it in the 100th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A score above 50% indicates significantly elevated exploitation risk — immediate patching is strongly recommended.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2023-37462?

CVE-2023-37462 is classified as CWE-74 (CWE-74), CWE-95 (CWE-95). These weakness types describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

Is there exploit tooling available for CVE-2023-37462?

A Nuclei detection template exists for CVE-2023-37462, meaning automated scanners can fingerprint it. Public exploit tooling significantly increases real-world risk — prioritize patching and ensure detection coverage. Exploit tooling should only ever be used in isolated, authorized testing environments.

When was CVE-2023-37462 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2023-37462 was published on July 14, 2023 and was last updated on October 21, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

☕

☕ Maven

Not in CISA KEV

CRITICAL severity

CVE-2023-37462 — xwiki-platform-skin-ui

CRITICALFix: xwiki/xwiki-platform@d9c88dd

CVE-2023-37462 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.9) CWE-74 vulnerability in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui. 2 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui

Also known asGHSA-h4vp-69r8-gvjg

Published

Jul 14, 2023

Updated

Oct 21, 2026

Affected

2 pkgs

Patched

2 / 2

Exploits

2 known

Exploitation data as of Oct 21, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2023-37462.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

91.6%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Very High Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs100th percentile — riskier than 100% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2023-37462 by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). In the shaded patch-first corner (EPSS 50%+, CVSS 7.0+).

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 394,415 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the ≥ 90% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

Improper escaping in the document SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet leads to a possible privilege escalation from view right on that document to programming rights, or in other words, it is possible to execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents.

The attack works by opening a non-existing page with a name crafted to contain a dangerous payload.

It is possible to check if an existing installation is vulnerable by opening <xwiki-host>/xwiki/bin/view/%22%5D%5D%20%7B%7Basync%20async%3D%22true%22%20cached%3D%22false%22%20context%3D%22doc.reference%22%7D%7D%7B%7Bgroovy%7D%7Dprintln(%22Hello%20%22%20%2B%20%22from%20groovy!%22)%7B%7B%2Fgroovy%7D%7D%7B%7B%2Fasync%7D%7D?sheet=SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet&xpage=view where <xwiki-host is the URL of the XWiki installation. The expected result are two list items with "Edit this skin" and "Test this skin" without any further text. If the installation is vulnerable, the second list item is "Test this skin Hello from groovy!.WebHome"]]". This shows that the Groovy macro has been executed.

Patches

This has been patched in XWiki 14.4.8, 14.10.4 and 15.0-rc-1.

Workarounds

The fix can also be applied manually to the impacted document SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet.

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Open an issue in Jira XWiki.org
Email us at Security Mailing List

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
☕Maven	`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui`	≥ 7.0-rc-1&&< 14.4.8	14.4.8`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui:14.4.8`
☕Maven	`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui`	≥ 14.5&&< 14.10.4	14.10.4`org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui:14.10.4`

Affected Products

1 product · 2 configurations

Application

xwikixwiki

≥ 14.5 && < 14.10.4

range

Exploits & PoCs

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for …

github.comNVDJul 2023

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for …

jira.xwiki.orgNVDJul 2023

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui to 14.4.8 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-37462 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Close the privilege gap rather than the entry point: audit which accounts, roles and service identities can reach the affected operation, drop the component to the least privilege it actually needs, and review file and directory permissions created by earlier installs — a default left in place is what makes this reachable.

How to detect CVE-2023-37462

A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:

nuclei -id cve-2023-37462 -u https://target

Template: XWiki Platform - Remote Code Execution
Severity: high
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system.
Remediation: This issue has been patched in XWiki 14.4.8, 14.10.4 and 15.0-rc-1. Users are advised to upgrade.

Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (parthmalhotra, pdresearch), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Improper escaping in the document `SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet` leads to a possible privilege escalation from view right on that document to programming rights, or in other words, it is possible to execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The attack works by opening a non-existing page with a name crafted to contain a dangerous payload. It is possible to check if an existing installation is vulnerable by opening `<xwiki-host>/xwiki/bin/view/%22%5D%5D%20%7B%7