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CISA KEV · ACTIVELY EXPLOITED
MEDIUM severity

CVE-2023-36851

MEDIUM

CVE-2023-36851 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.3) Missing Authentication vulnerability in juniper junos. It is in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2023-11-13) — treat it as actively exploited and patch now. O3 Security detects and blocks CVE-2023-36851 exploitation at runtime via eBPF exploit-chain detection and L7 egress monitoring, even on unpatched systems.

A Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause limited impact to…

Published
Sep 27, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
Affected
1 product
Patched
See advisory
Exploits
2 known
Exploitation data as of Aug 25, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Actively exploited in the wild

  • Confirmed by CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2023-11-13. Federal agencies were required to remediate by 2023-11-17.
  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA (KEV catalog and SSVC triage) for CVE-2023-36851.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.1%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs63th percentile — riskier than 63% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%6.52%13.0%19.5%15.3%1.1%Feb 26Jun 26Aug 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2023-36851 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 0 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Description

A Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause limited impact to the file system integrity.

With a specific request to

webauth_operation.php

that doesn't require authentication, an attacker is able to upload and download arbitrary files via J-Web, leading to a loss of

integrity or confidentiality, which may allow chaining to other vulnerabilities.

This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series:

21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S8;

  • 21.4

versions prior to

21.4R3-S6;

  • 22.1

versions prior to

22.1R3-S5;

  • 22.2

versions prior to

22.2R3-S3;

  • 22.3

versions prior to

22.3R3-S2;

  • 22.4 versions prior to 22,4R2-S2, 22.4R3;
  • 23.2 versions prior to

23.2R1-S2, 23.2R2.

Affected Products

1 product · 62 configurations
OS
junosjuniper
7 versions
21.221.422.122.222.322.423.2
Exploits & PoCs
2

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Vendor / appliance
  1. Detect

    Inventory every juniper junos deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above. Because the exploit targets the running system rather than your application code, also watch for exploitation at the network and runtime layer — O3 flags the exploit behaviour from runtime telemetry and egress traffic even before a vulnerable build is confirmed.

  2. Remediation status

    No patch has shipped for CVE-2023-36851 yet — track the juniper junos advisory for a fixed release and apply the workarounds below in the meantime.

  3. Mitigate without a patch

    Cut exposure now: restrict the management/admin interface to trusted networks, segment the device, and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations and any WAF/IPS signature. O3's runtime protection blocks the exploit chain at execution, holding the line on unpatched or end-of-life systems until you can patch.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 detects and blocks CVE-2023-36851 exploitation at runtime: eBPF exploit-chain detection, plus L7 egress monitoring that catches the post-exploitation callback and severs the attacker's outbound channel.

Tailored to CVE-2023-36851. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

A Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause limited impact to the file system integrity. With a specific request to webauth_operation.php that doesn't require authentication, an attacker is able to upload and download arbitrary files via J-Web, leading to a loss of integrity or confidentiality, which may allow chaining to other vulnerabilities. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series: * 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S8; * 21.4 versions
O3 Security · Runtime Protection

Is CVE-2023-36851 being exploited in your environment?

O3's eBPF runtime sensors and L7 egress monitoring detect and block the CVE-2023-36851 exploit chain at execution — protecting unpatched and end-of-life systems until the vendor patch is applied.

CVE-2023-36851: JUNOS Missing… | O3 Security