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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2023-33175 — toui

CRITICAL

CVE-2023-33175 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.1) CWE-914 vulnerability in toui. A fix is available for toui — see the affected versions and patch details below.

ToUI allows user-specific variables to be shared between users

Also known asGHSA-hh7j-pg39-q563PYSEC-2026-555
Published
Updated
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Oct 30, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2023-33175.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.7%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs51th percentile — riskier than 51% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.10%0.48%0.85%1.23%0.6%0.7%Apr 26Aug 26Oct 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🐍toui

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

Websites that use Website.user_vars property in versions.

Patches

It affects versions v2.0.1 to v2.4.0. Please upgrade to v2.4.1

Workarounds

Do not use Website.user_vars in websites when using versions v2.0.1 to v2.4.0. Also, do not use Website.signin_user() in version v2.4.0 only.

Explanation

ToUI is using Flask-Caching (SimpleCache) to store user variables. My misunderstanding was that these caches are stored in the client's browser, but it seems that these are stored in the server side.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPItoui≥ 2.0.1&&< 2.4.12.4.1pip install --upgrade 'toui==2.4.1'

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations
Application
touitoui_project
≥ 2.0.1 && ≤ 2.4.0
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for toui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update toui to 2.4.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-33175 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Websites that use `Website.user_vars` property in versions. ### Patches It affects versions v2.0.1 to v2.4.0. Please upgrade to v2.4.1 ### Workarounds Do not use `Website.user_vars` in websites when using versions v2.0.1 to v2.4.0. Also, do not use `Website.signin_user()` in version v2.4.0 only. ### Explanation ToUI is using Flask-Caching (SimpleCache) to store user variables. My misunderstanding was that these caches are stored in the client's browser, but it seems that these are stored in the server side.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2023-33175: toui — Fixed in 2.4.1