How severe is CVE-2022-28108?

CVE-2022-28108 has a CVSS score of 8.8/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2022-28108?

CVE-2022-28108 affects the following packages: org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid (Maven), org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-server (Maven). Ecosystems affected: Maven.

How do I fix CVE-2022-28108?

Update org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid to 4.0.0-alpha-7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-28108 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2022-28108 in my Maven dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2022-28108 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Is CVE-2022-28108 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. There are 3 known exploit references for CVE-2022-28108, including 3 in-the-wild exploitations observed on GitHub and other sources. Treat this as actively exploitable and prioritize patching immediately. All exploit code should only be run in an isolated sandbox environment for research or authorized testing — never against production systems without explicit written authorization.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2022-28108?

CVE-2022-28108 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 22.5%, placing it in the 98th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score warrants monitoring and prompt remediation.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2022-28108?

CVE-2022-28108 is classified as Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) (CWE-352). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

Is there exploit tooling available for CVE-2022-28108?

A Nuclei detection template exists for CVE-2022-28108, meaning automated scanners can fingerprint it. Public exploit tooling significantly increases real-world risk — prioritize patching and ensure detection coverage. Exploit tooling should only ever be used in isolated, authorized testing environments.

When was CVE-2022-28108 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2022-28108 was published on April 19, 2022 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

☕

☕ Maven

Not in CISA KEV

HIGH severity

CVE-2022-28108 — selenium-grid

HIGH

CVE-2022-28108 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.8) Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid. 3 public exploit or proof-of-concept references are indexed, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Selenium Server (Grid) CSRF

Also known asGHSA-h2rr-m97p-6jq9PYSEC-2022-43167

Published

Apr 19, 2022

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

2 pkgs

Patched

1 / 2

Exploits

3 known

Exploitation data as of Nov 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

22.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Moderate Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs98th percentile — riskier than 98% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

☕org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid☕org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-server

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Selenium Server (Grid) before 4 allows CSRF because it permits non-JSON content types such as application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data, and text/plain.

Affected Packages

2 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
☕Maven	`org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid`	all versions	4.0.0-alpha-7`org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid:4.0.0-alpha-7`
☕Maven	`org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-server`	all versions	No fix

Affected Products

1 product · 8 configurations

Application

selenium gridselenium

< 4.0.0

1 version

4.0.0

Exploits & PoCs

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Selenium Server (Grid) before 4 allows CSRF because it permits non-JSON …

gabriel.urdhr.frNVDApr 2022

Report on github.com

github.comMetasploitJan 2025

Report on github.com

github.comMetasploitJan 2025

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-grid to 4.0.0-alpha-7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-28108 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

How to detect CVE-2022-28108

A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:

nuclei -id cve-2022-28108 -u https://target

Template: Selenium Grid < 4.0.0-alpha-7 - Remote Code Execution
Severity: critical
Impact: An unauthenticated attacker can achieve remote code execution as the Selenium Grid process owner by crafting a malicious payload and sending it to the /wd/hub/session endpoint.
Remediation: Upgrade to Selenium Server 4.0.0-alpha-7 or later and restrict network exposure.

Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (t0xk), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.

Frequently Asked Questions

Selenium Server (Grid) before 4 allows CSRF because it permits non-JSON content types such as application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data, and text/plain.

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2022-28108 in your dependencies?

Find it across Maven, including transitive dependencies.

Scan my dependencies How O3 SCA works

CVSS Score

8.8/10CVSS v3 base

Vector breakdown

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE Classification

CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

Weaponization

Timeline

Disclosed

Apr 19, 2022

First exploit

Apr 27, 2022

Last updated

Oct 28, 2026

Identifiers

CVE-2022-28108

GHSA-h2rr-m97p-6jq9

PYSEC-2022-43167

References

Advisorygithub.com · CVE 2022 28108.json Advisorynvd.nist.gov · CVE 2022 28108 Webgabriel.urdhr.fr · selenium standalone server csrf dns rebinding rce Webopenwall.com Webselenium.dev · downloads Webgabriel.urdhr.fr · selenium standalone server csrf dns rebinding rce Webopenwall.com Webselenium.dev · downloads Packagegithub.com · selenium

Related vulnerabilities

This CVE is high severity; 2 of 8 other CVEs with CWE-352 are rated as high or higher (top: high).

CVE-2026-126067CVE-2026-109481CVE-2026-96629CVE-2026-118266CVE-2026-113796CVE-2026-84312CVE-2026-62322CVE-2026-107809Browse all CWE-352

Provenance

Sources

OSV.devNVDFIRST.org (EPSS)

Last verifiedOct 28, 2026

CVE-2022-28108 — selenium-grid

EPSS Exploitation Probability

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

Description

Affected Packages

Affected Products

Detection & mitigation playbook

Detect

Fix

Workarounds

How to detect CVE-2022-28108

Frequently Asked Questions

Is CVE-2022-28108 in your dependencies?