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MEDIUM severity

CVE-2022-21721

MEDIUMFix: vercel/next.js#33503

CVE-2022-21721 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.9) vulnerability in next. O3 Security confirms whether CVE-2022-21721 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

DOS Vulnerability in next.js

Also known asGHSA-wr66-vrwm-5g5x
Published
Jan 28, 2022
Updated
Aug 12, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Aug 23, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2022-21721.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
2.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs81th percentile — riskier than 81% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2022-21721 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 365,017 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

61Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
nextnpm
53.1Mdownloads / week

Description

Next.js is a React framework. Starting with version 12.0.0 and prior to version 12.0.9, vulnerable code could allow a bad actor to trigger a denial of service attack for anyone using i18n functionality. In order to be affected by this CVE, one must use next start or a custom server and the built-in i18n support. Deployments on Vercel, along with similar environments where invalid requests are filtered before reaching Next.js, are not affected. A patch has been released, [email protected], that mitigates this issue. As a workaround, one may ensure /${locale}/_next/ is blocked from reaching the Next.js instance until it becomes feasible to upgrade.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmnext12.0.0&&< 12.0.912.0.9

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for next. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update next to 12.0.9 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-21721 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether CVE-2022-21721 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to CVE-2022-21721. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Next.js is a React framework. Starting with version 12.0.0 and prior to version 12.0.9, vulnerable code could allow a bad actor to trigger a denial of service attack for anyone using i18n functionality. In order to be affected by this CVE, one must use next start or a custom server and the built-in i18n support. Deployments on Vercel, along with similar environments where invalid requests are filtered before reaching Next.js, are not affected. A patch has been released, `[email protected]`, that mitigates this issue. As a workaround, one may ensure `/${locale}/_next/` is blocked from reaching the Ne
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2022-21721 in your dependencies?

O3 detects CVE-2022-21721 across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

CVE-2022-21721: DOS Vulnerability in next.js… | O3 Security