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Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

CVE-2018-16854 moodle/moodle

HIGH

CVE-2018-16854 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.8) Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in moodle/moodle. 2 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for moodle/moodle — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Moodle Login CSRF vulnerability in login form

Also known asGHSA-xj5f-qv37-r9jc
Published
Nov 26, 2018
Updated
Jul 8, 2026
Affected
4 pkgs
Patched
4 / 4
Exploits
2 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 17, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
2.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs83th percentile — riskier than 83% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2018-16854 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

4 pkgs affected
🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle🐘moodle/moodle

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

A flaw was found in moodle versions 3.5 to 3.5.2, 3.4 to 3.4.5, 3.3 to 3.3.8, 3.1 to 3.1.14 and earlier. The login form is not protected by a token to prevent login cross-site request forgery. Fixed versions include 3.6, 3.5.3, 3.4.6, 3.3.9 and 3.1.15.

Affected Packages

4 total 4 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodle3.1&&< 3.1.153.1.15composer require moodle/moodle:^3.1.15
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodle3.3&&< 3.3.93.3.9composer require moodle/moodle:^3.3.9
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodle3.4&&< 3.4.63.4.6composer require moodle/moodle:^3.4.6
🐘Packagistmoodle/moodle3.5&&< 3.5.33.5.3composer require moodle/moodle:^3.5.3
Exploits & PoCs
2

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for moodle/moodle, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update moodle/moodle to 3.1.15 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2018-16854 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2018-16854 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2018-16854. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

A flaw was found in moodle versions 3.5 to 3.5.2, 3.4 to 3.4.5, 3.3 to 3.3.8, 3.1 to 3.1.14 and earlier. The login form is not protected by a token to prevent login cross-site request forgery. Fixed versions include 3.6, 3.5.3, 3.4.6, 3.3.9 and 3.1.15.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2018-16854 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2018-16854 across Packagist dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2018-16854: moodle/moodle (High 8.8) | O3 Security