How severe is CVE-2018-12998?

CVE-2018-12998 has a CVSS score of 6.1/10, rated MEDIUM. Review your exposure and patch according to your risk tolerance.

Which products are affected by CVE-2018-12998?

CVE-2018-12998 affects the following products: zohocorp firewall analyzer, zohocorp manageengine netflow analyzer, zohocorp manageengine network configuration manager, zohocorp manageengine opmanager, zohocorp manageengine oputils.

How do I patch CVE-2018-12998?

No patch has shipped for CVE-2018-12998 yet — track the zohocorp firewall analyzer advisory for a fixed release and apply the workarounds below in the meantime.

How do I detect CVE-2018-12998 across my infrastructure?

Inventory every zohocorp firewall analyzer deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above.

How do I mitigate CVE-2018-12998 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Escape or sanitise the affected output on the server side rather than relying on client-side filtering, and add a Content-Security-Policy that blocks inline script execution so injected markup cannot run even if it reaches the page. Alongside that, restrict the management interface to trusted networks and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations.

Is CVE-2018-12998 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. There are 4 known exploit references for CVE-2018-12998, including 4 in-the-wild exploitations observed on GitHub and other sources. Treat this as actively exploitable and prioritize patching immediately. All exploit code should only be run in an isolated sandbox environment for research or authorized testing — never against production systems without explicit written authorization.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2018-12998?

CVE-2018-12998 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 99.3%, placing it in the 100th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A score above 50% indicates significantly elevated exploitation risk — immediate patching is strongly recommended.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2018-12998?

CVE-2018-12998 is classified as Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

Which products and versions are affected by CVE-2018-12998?

CVE-2018-12998 affects zohocorp firewall analyzer; zohocorp manageengine netflow analyzer; zohocorp manageengine network configuration manager; zohocorp manageengine opmanager, and 1 more product(s). Check the affected-products list on this page against your deployed version to confirm exposure.

Is there exploit tooling available for CVE-2018-12998?

A Nuclei detection template exists for CVE-2018-12998, meaning automated scanners can fingerprint it. Public exploit tooling significantly increases real-world risk — prioritize patching and ensure detection coverage. Exploit tooling should only ever be used in isolated, authorized testing environments.

When was CVE-2018-12998 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2018-12998 was published on June 29, 2018 and was last updated on June 17, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🛡️

Not in CISA KEV

MEDIUM severity

CVE-2018-12998 — Firewall Analyzer

MEDIUM

CVE-2018-12998 is a medium-severity (CVSS 6.1) Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in zohocorp firewall analyzer. 4 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. No vendor fix is recorded yet; mitigation options are listed below.

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngine Netflow Analyzer before build 123137, Network Configuration Manager before build 123128, OpManager before build…

Published

Jun 29, 2018

Updated

Jun 17, 2026

Affected

5 products

Patched

See advisory

Exploits

4 known

Exploitation data as of Oct 27, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

99.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Very High Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs100th percentile — riskier than 100% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2018-12998 by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). Outside the shaded patch-first corner.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 396,966 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the ≥ 90% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Description

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngine Netflow Analyzer before build 123137, Network Configuration Manager before build 123128, OpManager before build 123148, OpUtils before build 123161, and Firewall Analyzer before build 123147 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the parameter 'operation' to /servlet/com.adventnet.me.opmanager.servlet.FailOverHelperServlet.

Affected Products

5 products · 5 configurations

Application

firewall analyzerzohocorp

all

Application

manageengine netflow analyzerzohocorp

all

Application

manageengine network configuration managerzohocorp

all

Application

manageengine opmanagerzohocorp

all

Application

manageengine oputilszohocorp

all

Exploits & PoCs

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngin…

github.comNVDAug 2021

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngin…

cnnvd.org.cnNVDAug 2021

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngin…

seclists.orgNVDAug 2021

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngin…

packetstormsecurity.comNVDAug 2021

Detection & mitigation playbook

Vendor / appliance

Detect
Inventory every zohocorp firewall analyzer deployment and check each version against the affected-products list above.
Remediation status
No patch has shipped for CVE-2018-12998 yet — track the zohocorp firewall analyzer advisory for a fixed release and apply the workarounds below in the meantime.
Mitigate without a patch
Escape or sanitise the affected output on the server side rather than relying on client-side filtering, and add a Content-Security-Policy that blocks inline script execution so injected markup cannot run even if it reaches the page. Alongside that, restrict the management interface to trusted networks and apply the vendor's recommended configuration mitigations.

How to detect CVE-2018-12998

A community-maintained Nuclei template exists for this CVE. You can scan for it directly:

nuclei -id cve-2018-12998 -u https://target

Template: Zoho manageengine - Cross-Site Scripting
Severity: medium
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected user's browser, potentially leading to session hijacking, defacement, or theft of sensitive information.
Remediation: Apply the latest security patch or update provided by Zoho ManageEngine to fix the XSS vulnerability.

Template by ProjectDiscovery nuclei-templates (pikpikcu), MIT licensed. View the full template. Scan only systems you are authorised to test.

Frequently Asked Questions

O3 Security · Runtime Protection

Is CVE-2018-12998 being exploited in your environment?

Detect and block the exploit chain at execution, on systems you cannot patch yet.

Protect my workloads How runtime protection works

CVSS Score

6.1/10CVSS v3 base

Vector breakdown

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

Low

Integrity

Low

Availability

None

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CWE Classification

CWE-79Cross-site Scripting (XSS)

Weaponization

Timeline

Disclosed

Jun 29, 2018

First exploit

Aug 31, 2021

Last updated

Jun 17, 2026

Identifiers

CVE-2018-12998

References

Exploit / PoCpacketstormsecurity.com Exploit / PoCseclists.org Exploit / PoCcnnvd.org.cn Exploit / PoCgithub.com Exploit / PoCpacketstormsecurity.com Exploit / PoCseclists.org Exploit / PoCcnnvd.org.cn Exploit / PoCgithub.com

Related vulnerabilities

This CVE is medium severity; 8 of 8 other CVEs with CWE-79 are rated as high or higher (top: high).

CVE-2026-118246CVE-2026-118251CVE-2026-118253CVE-2026-116797CVE-2026-118244CVE-2026-118242CVE-2026-118255CVE-2026-118257Browse all CWE-79

Provenance

Sources

OSV.devNVDFIRST.org (EPSS)

Last verifiedJun 17, 2026

CVE-2018-12998 — Firewall Analyzer

EPSS Exploitation Probability

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Description

Affected Products

Detection & mitigation playbook

Detect

Remediation status

Mitigate without a patch

How to detect CVE-2018-12998

Frequently Asked Questions

Is CVE-2018-12998 being exploited in your environment?