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MEDIUM severity

CVE-2017-16137 debug

MEDIUMFix: visionmedia/debug#504

CVE-2017-16137 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.3) Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in debug. A fix is available for debug — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Regular Expression Denial of Service in debug

Also known asGHSA-gxpj-cx7g-858c
Published
Jun 7, 2018
Updated
Sep 11, 2026
Affected
4 pkgs
Patched
4 / 4
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 18, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
2.8%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs86th percentile — riskier than 86% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2017-16137 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

4 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

57Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
debugnpm
639.0Mdownloads / week

Description

The debug module is vulnerable to regular expression denial of service when untrusted user input is passed into the o formatter. It takes around 50k characters to block for 2 seconds making this a low severity issue.

Affected Packages

4 total 4 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmdebugall versions2.6.9npm install debug@2.6.9
📦npmdebug3.0.0&&< 3.1.03.1.0npm install debug@3.1.0
📦npmdebug3.2.0&&< 3.2.73.2.7npm install debug@3.2.7
📦npmdebug4.0.0&&< 4.3.14.3.1npm install debug@4.3.1

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for debug, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update debug to 2.6.9 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2017-16137 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2017-16137 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2017-16137. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

This issue affects the versions of rh-nodejs4-nodejs-debug, rh-nodejs6-nodejs-debug, and rh-nodejs8-nodejs-debug as shipped with Red Hat Software Collections 3. Red Hat Product Security has rated this issue as having Moderate security impact. A future update may address this issue. For additional information, refer to…

ProductFixed inAdvisory
Red Hat Quay 3quay/quay-rhel8:v3.6.0-62RHSA-2021:3917

Frequently Asked Questions

The debug module is vulnerable to regular expression denial of service when untrusted user input is passed into the o formatter. It takes around 50k characters to block for 2 seconds making this a low severity issue.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2017-16137 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2017-16137 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2017-16137: debug DoS (Medium 5.3) | O3 Security