{"id":"CVE-2025-66031","aliases":["GHSA-554w-wpv2-vw27"],"url":"https://o3.security/vulnerability/CVE-2025-66031","summary":"node-forge ASN.1 Unbounded Recursion","details":"### Summary\n\nAn Uncontrolled Recursion (CWE-674) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs.\n\n### Details\n\nAn ASN.1 Denial of Service (Dos) vulnerability exists in the node-forge `asn1.fromDer` function within `forge/lib/asn1.js`. The ASN.1 DER parser implementation (`_fromDer`) recurses for every constructed ASN.1 value (SEQUENCE, SET, etc.) and lacks a guard limiting recursion depth. An attacker can craft a small DER blob containing a very large nesting depth of constructed TLVs which causes the Node.js V8 engine to exhaust its call stack and throw `RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded`, crashing or incapacitating the process handling the parse. This is a remote, low-cost Denial-of-Service against applications that parse untrusted ASN.1 objects.\n\n### Impact\n\nThis vulnerability enables an unauthenticated attacker to reliably crash a server or client using node-forge for TLS connections or certificate parsing.\n\nThis vulnerability impacts the ans1.fromDer function in `node-forge` before patched version `1.3.2`. \n\nAny downstream application using this component is impacted. These components may be leveraged by downstream applications in ways that enable full compromise of availability.","published":"2025-11-26T22:23:26.013Z","modified":"2026-08-12T03:51:33.398204498Z","cvss":null,"epss":null,"cisaKev":null,"exploitsKnown":0,"affectedPackages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"node-forge","fixedVersion":"1.3.2"}],"fix":{"url":"https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/260425c6167a38aae038697132483b5517b26451","label":"digitalbazaar/forge@260425c"},"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/66xxx/CVE-2025-66031.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-554w-wpv2-vw27"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66031"},{"type":"FIX","url":"https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/260425c6167a38aae038697132483b5517b26451"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge"}],"provenance":{"sources":["OSV.dev","FIRST.org (EPSS)"],"lastVerified":"2026-08-12T03:51:33.398204498Z"}}