{"id":"CVE-2025-59527","aliases":["GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m"],"url":"https://o3.security/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59527","summary":"FlowiseAI/Flowise has Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability","details":"### Summary\n---\n\nA Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was discovered in the `/api/v1/fetch-links` endpoint of the Flowise application. This vulnerability allows an attacker to use the Flowise server as a proxy to access internal network web services and explore their link structures. The impact includes the potential exposure of sensitive internal administrative endpoints.\n\n\n### Details\n---\n\n#### Vulnerability Overview\n\nThe `fetch-links` feature in Flowise is designed to extract links from external websites or XML sitemaps. It performs an HTTP request from the server to the user-supplied URL and parses the response (HTML or XML) to extract and return links.\n\nThe issue arises because the feature performs these HTTP requests **without validating the user-supplied URL**. In particular, when the `relativeLinksMethod` parameter is set to `webCrawl` or `xmlScrape`, the server directly calls the `fetch()` function with the provided URL, making it vulnerable to SSRF attacks.\n\n#### Root Cause\n\nThe `fetch()` function is called without URL validation or restriction, which enables attackers to redirect the server to internal services.\n\n\n### Taint Flow\n\n#### • Taint 01: Route Registration\n\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/controllers/fetch-links/index.ts#L6-L24\n\n#### • Taint 02: Service\n\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/services/fetch-links/index.ts#L8-L18\n\n#### • Taint 03: xmlScrape\n\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/components/src/utils.ts#L474-L478\n\n\n### PoC\n---\n\n#### PoC Description\n\nThis vulnerability was verified in a local development environment. The Flowise server was running at `http://localhost:3000`, and authentication was performed using the Bearer token:\n\n```\ntmY1fIjgqZ6-nWUuZ9G7VzDtlsOiSZlDZjFSxZrDd0Q\n```\n\nUpon a successful attack, the Flowise server returned the entire link structure of the internal admin panel in JSON format. The response included sensitive administrative URLs such as:\n\n- `/api/users` (User Management)\n- `/api/secrets` (API Keys)\n- `/api/database` (Database Config)\n\nThis demonstrated that an attacker could enumerate internal web service structures.\n\n#### Internal Admin Server (Mock)\n\n```python\nfrom flask import Flask, render_template_string\n\napp = Flask(__name__)\n\n@app.route('/')\ndef admin():\n return render_template_string(\"\"\"\n \n

Internal Admin Panel

\n \n \"\"\")\n\n@app.route('/api/users')\ndef users():\n return render_template_string(\"\"\"\n \n

Users

\n \n Back\n \"\"\")\n\n@app.route('/api/secrets')\ndef secrets():\n return render_template_string(\"\"\"\n \n

Secrets

\n \n Back\n \"\"\")\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8080)\n```\n\n#### curl Request Example\n\n```bash\ncurl -G 'http://localhost:3000/api/v1/fetch-links' \\\n --data-urlencode 'url=http://127.0.0.1:8080/' \\\n --data-urlencode 'relativeLinksMethod=webCrawl' \\\n --data-urlencode 'limit=10' \\\n -H 'Authorization: Bearer tmY1fIjgqZ6-nWUuZ9G7VzDtlsOiSZlDZjFSxZrDd0Q' \\\n -s | jq '.'\n```\n\"image\"\n\n\n### Impact\n---\n\nThis is a **Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)** vulnerability.\n\n- **Who is impacted?** Any user running Flowise server exposed to external traffic.\n- **Risk:** Attackers can leverage the Flowise server to:\n - Explore internal web applications\n - Bypass firewall rules\n - Access sensitive administrative interfaces\n - Leak internal configuration, credentials, or secrets\n\nThis vulnerability significantly increases the risk of **internal service enumeration and potential lateral movement** in an enterprise environment.","published":"2025-09-22T19:48:42.436Z","modified":"2026-08-12T03:51:14.223470655Z","cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},"epss":null,"cisaKev":null,"exploitsKnown":0,"affectedPackages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"flowise","fixedVersion":"3.0.6"}],"fix":null,"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/components/src/utils.ts#L474-L478"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/controllers/fetch-links/index.ts#L6-L24"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/services/fetch-links/index.ts#L8-L18"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/releases/tag/flowise%403.0.6"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/59xxx/CVE-2025-59527.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/advisories/GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59527"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"}],"provenance":{"sources":["OSV.dev","FIRST.org (EPSS)"],"lastVerified":"2026-08-12T03:51:14.223470655Z"}}