{"id":"CVE-2025-24959","aliases":["GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87"],"url":"https://o3.security/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24959","summary":"Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API in zx","details":"### Impact\nThis vulnerability is an **Environment Variable Injection** issue in `dotenv.stringify`, affecting `google/zx`  version **8.3.1**.\n\nAn attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to **arbitrary command execution** or **unexpected behavior** in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been **patched** in version **8.3.2**. Users should **immediately upgrade** to this version to mitigate the vulnerability.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by **sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values** before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `\"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.\n\n### References\n- [Issue Report](https://github.com/google/zx/issues/)\n- [Security Policy](https://github.com/google/zx/security/policy)\n- [Google Vulnerability Disclosure](https://g.co/vulnz)\n- [Patch](https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094)","published":"2025-02-03T20:48:16.507Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:32.434631868Z","cvss":null,"epss":null,"cisaKev":null,"exploitsKnown":0,"affectedPackages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"zx","fixedVersion":"8.3.2"}],"fix":{"url":"https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094","label":"google/zx#1094"},"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/24xxx/CVE-2025-24959.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24959"},{"type":"FIX","url":"https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/google/zx/commit/5ba714d14ecf0555a74d4db96622840ac19839c5"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/google/zx"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/webpod/envapi/blob/v0.2.1/src/main/ts/envapi.ts#L74-L77"}],"provenance":{"sources":["OSV.dev","FIRST.org (EPSS)"],"lastVerified":"2026-10-28T02:30:32.434631868Z"}}