{"id":"CVE-2025-12044","aliases":["BIT-vault-2025-12044","GHSA-vp5w-xcfc-73wf","GO-2025-4071"],"url":"https://o3.security/vulnerability/CVE-2025-12044","summary":"Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression","details":"Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]  which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.","published":"2025-10-23T19:15:16.567Z","modified":"2026-07-31T18:30:33.290425207Z","cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},"epss":null,"cisaKev":null,"exploitsKnown":0,"affectedPackages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/hashicorp/vault","fixedVersion":"1.21.0"}],"fix":null,"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/12xxx/CVE-2025-12044.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12044"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/hashicorp/vault"}],"provenance":{"sources":["OSV.dev","FIRST.org (EPSS)"],"lastVerified":"2026-07-31T18:30:33.290425207Z"}}